HMCo #435s Colonia

"[1892-12-16] Fri 16: Fair. Nat returned in midnight train. [First part of this entry apparently not in NGH's handwriting.] 85' sloop [#435s Colonia] to defend America Cup ordered by A. Rogers.
[1892-12-29] Thu 29: Nat went to N.Y. on noon train [to meet Archibald Rogers to discuss #435s Colonia as per Rogers correspondence]. Set up #[blank]. [This entry apparently not in NGH's handwriting.]
[1893-01-10] Tue 10: ... Mr. A. Rogers [of the #435s Colonia syndicate] here.
[1893-02-07] Tue 7: ... Mr. Rogers [of the #435s Colonia syndicate] here.
[1893-02-20] Mon 20: ... Set up 6 frames on #435 [Colonia].
[1893-02-28] Tue 28: ... Set up stern in #435 [Colonia].
[1893-03-02] Thu 2: ... #435 [Colonia] nearly in frame, and plating begun.
[1893-03-11] Sat 11: ... 36 plates on #435 [Colonia].
[1893-03-18] Sat 18: ... 63 plates on #435 [Colonia].
[1893-03-26] Sun 26: ... 90 plates on #435 [Colonia].
[1893-04-04] Tue 4: ... Messrs. Rogers, Brookes, Bennett, Capt. Haff [of the #435s Colonia syndicate] here.
[1893-04-20] Thu 20: ... Began running lead keel of #435 [Colonia].
[1893-04-25] Tue 25: ... Mr. Rogers [of the #435s Colonia syndicate] here.
[1893-04-28] Fri 28: ... Spars received for #435 [Colonia] & #437 [Vigilant].
[1893-05-10] Wed 10: ... Terry pulling down ways to launch #435 [Colonia].
[1893-05-15] Mon 15: Fine. Colonia #435 successfully launched at 6-56.
[1893-05-16] Tue 16: Rain. Light SE [wind] changing to very heavy in [the] evening. Put mast in Colonia [#435s].
[1893-06-10] Sat 10: Fine. ... Bent sails on Colonia [#435s].
[1893-06-12] Mon 12: Fair & warm. NE [wind] in [the] evening. Tried Colonia [#435s] under sail.
[1893-06-25] Sun 25: Cool & cloudy. Tried Colonia [#435s].
[1893-06-26] Mon 26: Cool & cloudy. Tried Colonia [#435s].
[1893-07-11] Tue 11: Very fine & warm. Colonia [#435s] delivered to Mr. Rogers.
[1893-07-24] Mon 24: ... Colonia [#435s] here from N.Y.
[1900-07-05] Thu 5: ... [Schooner] Corona [#435s ex-Colonia] here for new sails. ...
[1900-08-13] Mon 13: Cloudy with fresh SE [wind]. Went outside to see race for Astor Cups. Corona [#435s ex-Colonia] & Mineola [#529s] won.
[1905-08-14] Mon 14: [No entry.] [From the #215p Roamer log book:] 4th Cruise, 6th day. From New London towards Newport & Bristol. Fine morning with NE, soon shifting to easterly wind. Clear. Yachts had a fine breeze for a beat to windward and with fair tide made quick time. Mineola [#529s], Doris [#625s], Cara Mia [#639s], & Corona [#435s ex-Colonia] being first in their classes. Left anchorage. Started ahead from outside Sarah’s Ledge. Passed Watch Hill. Waited inside breakwater for racing yachts to come in. Slowed down and waited to see end of race. Started in from l[igh]t ship and ran into [Newport] harbor. Passed breakwater light. Arrived home. Yachts finished as follows: Sybarita, Mineola [#529s], Yankee [#534s], Weetamoe, Corona [#435s ex-Colonia], Elmina, Muriel, Lasca, Intrepid, Doris [#625s], Humma [#553s].
[1905-09-13] Wed 13: Went in Roamer [#215p] to see Astor Cup race. [From the #215p Roamer log book:] From Bristol towards Sow & Pigs & return. Went to see Astor Cup race. Wind light n[ortherly]. Overcast, clearing in afternoon with light NW to W [wind]. Agnes and myself only. Left home. Passed Rose Is[land] L[igh]t. Passed Dumpling. Arrive at Brenton R[eef] l[igh]t ship Quite a roll to the sea outside. Preparatory gun at 11-05. Yachts passed: Elmina, Muriel, Yankee [#534s], Sybarita, Corona [#435s ex-Colonia], Humma [#553s], Katrina.
[1906-08-03] Fri 3: [No entry.] [From the #215p Roamer log book:] 4th Cruise, 14th day. From Glen Cove towards Morris Cove. Fine easterly breeze but somewhat thick and on point of raining. Yachts had a fine beat to windward but rather hard for the small craft. Queen [#657s] made best time, beating the next schooners [by] 1/2 hour. Mimosa III [#610s] won in allowance in 2nd division. [Log:] Underway from anchorage. Waited about 15 [minutes] to see start of race off Maxwells. Passed Stratford P[oin]t. Stopped off electric[est] breakwater l[igh]t to see finish. Started into anchorage. Anchored [at 4-25]. Yachts finished as follows: Yankee [#534s], Queen [#657s], Vigilant [#437s], Rainbow [#532s], Effort, Sybarita, Weetamoe, Elmina, Neola, Irolita [#658s], Corona [ex-Colonia #435s].
[1906-08-04] Sat 4: [No entry.] [From the #215p Roamer log book:] 4th Cruise, 15th day. From Morris Cove towards New London. Left anchorage at Morris Cove at 9-10 and towed out 2 yachts that were becalmed. The racing yachts started at 5 min[ute] intervals beginning at 10-15. 30-footers [NY30s], J, H, C & B etc., B starting at 11-50. [Log:] Started ahead from off e[ast] breakwater. Passed Gooseberry Is[land] bell buoy. Passed Faulkners Is[land]. Stopped off l[igh]t vessel for yachts to come up. Passed Bartlett’s R[ee]f l[igh]t s[hip]. Stopped at Sarah’s Ledge. Anchored above NYYC station. Finish times: Elmina, Yankee [#534s], Rainbow [#532s], Corona [ex-Colonia #435s], Weetamoe, Queen [#657s], Vigilant [#437s], Sybarita, Humma [#553s], Irolita [#658s], Neola.
[1908-08-11] Tue 11: [No entry.] [From the #215p Roamer log book:] 4th Cruise, 6th day, NYYC Cruise run. From Newport towards Vineyard Haven. Left Brenton’s Cove. Pass[ed] Brenton’s R[ee]f & set sails. Pass[ed] Sow & Pigs buoy. Stopped at W[est] Chop. [Took] sails in. Anchored off Eastville. [First finishers were:] Queen [#657s], Vigilant [#437s], Elmina, Corona [#435s ex-Colonia], Istalena [#663s], Aurora [#667s], Katrina, Tarmamia [sic, i.e. Taormina], Weetamoe, Irolita [#658s], Avenger [#666s].
[1909-07-09] Fri 9: [No entry.] [From the #215p Roamer log book:] From Bristol towards Block Is[land] & return. Left home. Passed Dumplings. Pass Castle Hill & slow[ed]. Wait[ed] off lightship for start of race given by Newport Yacht Racing Association. Preliminary gun at 11-00. Start [for] N class [was at] 11-05, M class [at] 11-10, L class [at] 11-15, K class [at] 11-20, schooners [at] 11-25. Fine breeze SSW to SW, light on 1st leg, freshening gradually to about 15 k[nots]. Aurora [#667s] lost [her] topmast just before finish and thereby lost 1st place. [Times for] Aurora, Istalena [#663s], Winsome [#664s], Altair [#539s], Queen [#657s], Dorwina, Dorello, Corona [#435s ex-Colonia], Irondequoit. Pass Bishop on way home. Home [at 5-59]." (Source: Herreshoff, Nathanael G. Diary, 1892 to 1909. Manuscript (excerpts). Herreshoff Marine Museum Collection [1892-1893]. Diary access courtesy of Halsey C. Herreshoff [1900-1905]. Herreshoff Marine Museum Collection, St.Y. Roamer Logbooks [1905-1909].)

"Late in that fall, there was a challenge for the America's Cup and quite promptly Archibald Rogers and others gave us an order for COLONIA, which was specified to be keel and not over 14' draft. Mr. E.D. Morgan and others, believing these restrictions unwise, at about [the] beginning of 1893, gave us an order for VIGILANT.
(11) VIGILANT was the third order for large sloops this season. The first, NAVAHOE, was steel construction with a steel centerboard - a solid plate. The second, COLONIA, was steel, but [the] keel [was] of too light draft." (Source: Herreshoff, N. G. "Boats and Yachts that I have been Especially Interested in by Sailing and Some of Which I Have Owned." Bristol, April 1932. In: Pinheiro, Carlton J. (ed.). Recollections and Other Writings by Nathanael G. Herreshoff. Bristol, 1998, p. 109-110.)

"Just following Mr. Carroll's order [in the fall of 1892, for #429s NAVAHOE], the New York Yacht Club received a challenge for the America's Cup and an order was given us by a syndicate headed by Archibald Rogers for a defender.
As Mr. Rogers had been sailing keel yachts of the English cutter type, he wanted this craft to be keel but limited the draft to be fourteen feet only! [This] was what his much smaller craft BEDOUIN had, as that was all allowable near his home at Hyde Park on the Hudson. This was plainly not enough for an eighty-five foot waterline sloop, and it so worked on Commodore E. D. Morgan that she might fail, that he induced some of his friends to build a centerboard yacht without restrictions, making her the best we could do, and so we had three big sloops to build that winter and spring. The last one, VIGILANT, was put under the able management of C. Oliver Iselin, one of the syndicate owners, and it must have been well in[to] January, 1893 that the order was given.
NAVAHOE was launched in February and moored in a dredged hole between [the north and south] piers to have her cabins finished and COLONIA was set up in her place in the South Shop, soon to be followed by VIGILANT being set up in the North Shop. This was a busy winter for me, [and] as well for the working men. I had not time, with my force in the drafting room, to work out complete detail drawings for each yacht, so both the defenders' rigs were alike, and many of the details were the same as worked out for NAVAHOE. ... COLONIA was under sail and tried out by [the] middle of June. Aside from her mast bending by thrust of [the] gaff, there was little to do to her rig. This weakness of [the] mast was overcome by the same means that I corrected the fault in GLORIANA, only with a little difference. GLORIANA was fitted with two struts and stays, one on each forward quarter. In COLONIA, one strut and stay was fitted, and a pair of masthead shrouds held out to the inner third of [the] spreaders was added. This arrangement was added to [the] rig of all future sloops, both here and abroad, by the following year.
... I was in demand by the managers of both syndicates to sail their early races. I compromised by alternating from one to the other. It became quite evident [that] VIGILANT's centerboard was an advantage whenever they came on the wind. Also, Captain Haff, who was brought up in shallow centerboard craft, couldn't get used to sailing COLONIA well and the same fault was very noticeable in DEFENDER two years later, when he simply murdered her." (Source: Herreshoff, N. G. "Some of the Boats I Have Sailed In." Written 1934. In: Pinheiro, Carlton J. (ed.). Recollections and Other Writings by Nathanael G. Herreshoff. Bristol, 1998, p. 58-60.)

"August 31 1935
Dear Mr. Stephens -
... Including NAVAHOE with our orders for steam powered craft we had before us a fair winter's work, but a little later a challenge for the "America Cup" was received, and Archibald Rogers came to us to build for his syndicate a defender which we could not refuse. It was unfortunate that he insisted on this 85 ft. w.l. yacht being keel and not to exceed 14 ft. draft, but I did as well as I could. ...
Very truly yours,
Nathanael Greene Herreshoff
Sept. 15 1935." (Source: Letter 13. From N. G. Herreshoff to W. P. Stephens, dated August 31, 1935 to September 15, 1935. In: Herreshoff, Nathanael Greene and William Picard Stephens. "Their Last Letters 1930-1938." Annotated by John W. Streeter. Bristol, R. I., ca. 1999, p. 67-80.)

"...while 'Navahoe' [#429s] was under construction, Captain Nat received the order for 'Colonia,' from a New York Yacht Club syndicate headed by Archibald Rogers who had owned 'Wasp' [#414s] the year before. 'Colonia''s general dimensions were: L.O.A., one hundred twenty-six feet; L.W.L., eighty-five feet six inches; beam, twenty-four feet; draft, fourteen feet. This was too shallow draft for a keel sloop of that size but her owners wanted her shallow and the ways at Bristol could not handle more draft at that time." (Herreshoff, L. Francis. The Wizard of Bristol. The Life and Achievements of Nathanael Greene Herreshoff, together with An Account of Some of the Yachts he Designed. New York, 1953, p. 169.)

"'Colonia' was changed to a schooner, and her name changed to 'Corona,' and she won many prizes, including the Goelet Cup in 1892 and 1896 and the Astor Cup in 1900 and 1904. She served as the flagship of the New York Yacht Club from 1900 to 1902, and the last I knew of her she was the tender for 'Enterprise' in 1930, thus lasting nearly forty years and outliving all of the single stickers of her time except 'Britannia,' which had been periodically rebuilt. [Given that both Colonia and Britannia were built in 1893 and Britannia was scuttled in 1936 while Colonia lasted at least until 1940, it is clear that Colonia outlasted all her period competitors including Britannia.]" (Source: Herreshoff, L. Francis. The Wizard of Bristol. The Life and Achievements of Nathanael Greene Herreshoff, together with An Account of Some of the Yachts he Designed. New York, 1953, p. 178.)

"The most important event of last week was the signing of a contract by Archibald Rogers on the one hand and the Herreshoff Manufacturing Co. on the other for the construction of an 85ft cutter [#435s Colonia] to meet the new Valkyrie. Mr. Rogers, who now owns Bedouin and Wasp [#414s], is the head of a syndicate of New York Y. C. members, the others being as yet unknown. The material for the new yacht will he ordered at once, and her keel will be laid as soon as the Carroll yacht [#429s Navahoe] is launched. The latter is about plated up, and will be ready for tbe launching about the end of January [1893]. ..." (Source: Anon. "New Yachts." Forest and Stream, December 22, 1892, p. 545.)

"With one large cutter [#429s Navahoe] on the stocks, another keel [#435s Colonia] ready to lay and a probable order for a third [#437s Vigilant], to say nothing of more than the usual number of small racers and steam yachts, the Herreshoff shop is a busy place just now. The Carroll cutter is nearly ready for launching, but the cold weather and the ice in the bay may make it desirable to keep her out of water as long as possible. The keel of the Rogers cutter, whose owners are reported to be Archibald Rogers, Pierpont Morgan, of the Corsair, and John E. Brooks, of the Lasca, will follow in the main slipway, and if report be true, the Herreshoffs are likely to be called upon to build still a third 85-footer. ..." (Source: Anon. "Building." Forest and Stream, January 19, 1893, p. 61.)

"The Rogers cutter [#435s Colonia] is now well advanced at the Herreshoff shops, the plating completed ready for painting, the decks laid and the joiners at work below. Navahoe [#429s] is nearly completed and will soon leave the yard. Miss Sutton's one-rater Morwena [#431s] was launched and tried last week, and will soon be shipped. The Austrian one-rater [#436s Bubble] is completed, and the Southampton 2 1/2-rater [#438s Meneen] is well along." (Source: Anon. "Yacht News Notes." Forest and Stream, April 27, 1893, p. 372.)

"Rogers Syndicate 'Colonia'.
Built at Bristol, RI, by Herreshoff Manufacturing Co.
129.41 net tons; 104.3 ft. x 24 ft. x 16.4 ft. [Register length x breadth x depth.]
One deck, one mast, overhanging head, overhanging stern.
Surveyed and measured, May 6, 1893." (Source: U.S. Customs Department, Bristol, R.I. Custom House Record Book, 1870s to 1904 (Collection of the Herreshoff Marine Museum), s.v. Colonia.)

"Monday [May 20, 1893] evening a few minutes past 7 o'clock the first of the four America's cup defenders, bearing the name of 'Colonia,' was successfully launched from the Herreshoff Company's Yard in this town. There was only a small gathering of spectators to witness the launching as no public announcement had been given out, and the affair was without ceremony. The Colonia is said to be the largest sloop ever built in this country. She is 126 feet over all, and the length of water line 85 feet, draught about 16 feet. She is painted white, with green underneath, and is a handsome vessel. The riggers commenced their labors Monday morning." (Source: Anon. "Local Affairs." Bristol Phoenix, May 20, 1893, p. 2.)

"COLONIA.
A steel cutter, designed by N. G. Herreshoff, and built by the Herreshoff Manufacturing Company, Bristol, R. I. She was built for the defense of the America's Cup. She was, however defeated in the Trial Races. Colonia was launched in May, 1893, and is owned by Archibald Rogers, et at. She sails with the fleets of the New York, Eastern, Seawanhaka Corinthian, Larchmont and Corinthian (of New York) Yacht Clubs, hailing from New York City.
In the race of August 7, 1893, for the Commodore's Cup, New York Yacht Club, Colonia won, beating Queen Mab and Hildegard; Vigilant was disabled. In the race August 11, 1893, for the Goelet Cup, Colonia won, defeating Vigilant and Jubilee; Pilgrim withdrew.
In the First Trial Race, September 7, 1893, Colonia won, beating Vigilant. In this race Jubilee was disabled and Pilgrim did not start.
DIMENSIONS,
Length over all 126 feet.
Length load waterline, 85.48 feet.
Beam, 24 feet.
Draft, 15 feet 9 inches." (Source: Mott, Henry Augustus. Yachts and Yachtsmen of America. New York, 1894, p. 220.)

"The Colonia has been purchased from the Rogers syndicate by C. A. Postley of the New-York Yacht Club. The price paid is said to be $25,000. Mr. Postley will have the Colonia rigged as a schooner, and will race in the ninety-foot class next season.
The Colonia was built by the Herreshoffs in 1893, to defend the America's Cup against the Valkyrie, Lord Dunraven's challenger that year. As soon as the challenge was accepted Col. Archibald Rogers organized a syndicate, which was composed of W. K. Vanderbilt, F. W. Vanderbilt, F. Augustus Schermerhorn, J. Pierpont Morgan, and John E. Brooks.
The Herreshoffs were commissioned to build the fastest yacht they could turn out, and they designed the Colonia, a steel boat, 119 feet over all, 85 feet 6 inches on the water line, 24 feet beam, and 15 feet 4 inches drought. Capt. 'Hank' Haff was the skipper of the yacht, and Archibald Rogers was the managing owner. The Colonia proved to be a good boat, but her builders had made the mistake of not giving her enough drought and consequently she was unable to go to windward like the Vigilant. Col. Rogers, as soon as he found out her faults tried to get the builders to remedy them, either by giving the yacht more outside lead, or putting in a board. This the Herreshoff's declined to do. The Colonia, however, won the one-thousand-dollar cup offered by Commodore Morgan, through the Vigilant breaking down, and the Goelet Cup. This race was not finished until 2 o'clock in the morning on the day after the race was started. The Colonia also won one of the trial races held to select the Cup defender.
The yacht is to be taken over to Nixon's yard at Elizabethport to-morrow morning and hauled out tor examination. If her bottom is in good condition, the yacht will change owners.
A. Cary Smith, who has been so successful in designing schooners, is to have charge of the alterations to be made in the yacht. Changing the rig of the Colonia will not be a very troublesome job, because when the yacht was built the probabilities of it becoming a schooner were taken into consideration, and the steps for the fore and main masts were put in. Mr. Smith, however, is going to try and give the yacht more lateral resistence, and is going to put a centreboard in. ..." (Source: Anon. "Colonia As A Schooner. C. A. Postley Purchases the Cutter and Will Change Her Rig. To Have A Centreboard Put In. A. Cary Smith to Superintend the Changes --- The Yacht to be Raced Against the Crack Schooners." New York Times, December 22, 1895, p. 7.)

"The Colonia, which is being converted into a schooner under the supervision of Captain A. Cary Smith, is fast nearing completion at the Crescent shipyards, Elizabethport, N. J. ..." (Source: Anon. [No title.] New York Tribune, February 5, 1896, p. 10.)

"[Colonia (Cutter) (Sail, K) owned by Archibald Rogers et al, Port: New York; LOA 119ft; LWL 85.6ft; Beam 24ft; Draft 15.4ft; designed by N. G. Herreshoff and built by Herreshoff Manufactur'g Co in 1893.]" (Source: Stebbins 1896 Yachtsmen's Album, p. 30.)

"[Colonia (Schooner) alt. from Cutter, '96 (Sail, C B) owned by Clarence A. Postley, Port: New York; LOA 123ft; LWL 86ft; Beam 24ft; Draft 15ft; designed by N. G. Herreshoff and built by Herreshoff Manufactur'g Co in 1893.]" (Source: Stebbins 1896 Yachtsmen's Album, p. 24.)

"Colonia is undoubtedly the crack schooner of 1896. She was formerly a steel sloop, built by Herreschoff in 1893 to compete against Vigilant, Pilgrim and Jubilee for the honor of defending the America's Cup, and was altered from a keel sloop to a centerboard schooner by Lewis Nixon after designs by A. Gary Smith. Dimensions 136 feet on deck, 123 feet water line, 24 feet beam, 16 feet draught." (Source: Anon. "Colonia." Rudder, December 1896, p. 358.)

"... Owing to the possibility of there being a certain amount of confusion in having the flagships of the Larchmont and New-York yacht clubs named Colonia, Commodore Lewis Cass Ledyard, of the New-York Yacht Club, has decided to call his newly purchased schooner the Corona. ..." (Source: Anon. "Notes of Yachts and Yachtsmen." New York Tribune, February 11, 1900, p. B6.)

"CITY ISLAND, May 28 [1900]. --- Commodore Lewis Cass Ledyard's swift schooner yacht Corona, flagship of the New York Yacht Club, has been launched at the Hawkins yards after a thorough overhauling. Her sails will shortly be bent, and she will then be ready for tuning-up spins preparatory to encounters this season with William Iselin's Emerald. The Corona, which under Commodore C. A. Postley's ownership was known as the Colonia, will be in charge of Capt John Barr, who sailed the Thistle against the Volunteer for the America's Cup in 1887. ..." (Source: Anon. "Commodore Ledyard's Corona Launched." New York Times, May 29, 1900, p. 8.)

"Ex-Commodore Lewis Cass Ledyard of the New York yacht club has sold his former flagship Corona to Arthur F. Luke of Pittsburg; through the agency of Frank Bowne Jones. The Corona was originally the Colonia and was built for the defence of the America cup in 1893. She was afterward purchased by Clarence A. Postley and her rig was altered to schooner in 1896. Commodore Ledyard changed her name from Colonia to Corona." (Source: Anon. "Knots, Bends and Splices." Boston Globe, May 10, 1903, p. 37.)

"The famous racing schooner Corona is now at Marblehead, having completed fitting out at Lawley's the past week. Her owner, Arthur F. Luke, will join her May 18 [1906], and sail on her to New York, where she will sail her first race in the regatta of the Atlantic yacht club June 12. The old boat is in fine fettle and should be much faster than last year, with a taller mainmast and a new and larger suit of sails." (Source: Anon. "Notes from the Week's Log." Boston Globe, May 13, 1906, p. 49.)

"Arthur F. Luke of the New York and Eastern yacht clubs has sold his well-known schooner Corona to Cleveland H. Dodge of New York. This sale will remove the vessel from the Eastern Y. C. fleet, of which she has been a valued member since 1903. Mr Luke raced the Corona aggressively, and won many prizes with her. This season he will not engage in yachting, and will try his hand at automobiling. He may enter the game another year with another boat, though he will never find another with a cleaner all-around record than Corona. Built by Herreshoff in 1893 as a cutter, for America cup defence, she was the first vessel of her type in the cup class on this side of the water. After being defeated by Vigilant --- her designer had not been given a free hand as to draft, which was deficient --- she was given a centerboard and altered to a schooner, in 1906, and as such was flagship of the Larchmount Y. C, and later of the New York Y. C, when L. Cass Ledyard owned her. Mr Luke bought her of Mr Ledyard in 1903. Corona is built of steel. She is 85 feet 6 inches waterline, 123 feet over all, 24 feet breadth and 14 feet 10 inches draft. She is a comfortable cruiser, and still a good racer." (Source: Anon. "Recent Yacht Transfers." Boston Globe, May 5, 1907, p. 48.)

"In Jacob's ship yard, City Island, Corona, originally Colonia, built to defend the America's cup, is being reconverted into a keel boat. Corona is owned by Cleveland H. Dodge." (Source: Anon. "Ticks from the Ship's Clock." Forest and Stream, November 4, 1911, p. 685.)

"The Corona, owned by Cleveland H. Dodge, has been thoroughly overhauled, and the famous yacht, now 27 years old, looks as well as ever. She was built by Herreshoff as a Cup yacht in 1893, the year Vigilant was the defender." (Source: Anon. "Jacob's a Yachting Center." Rudder, June 1920, p. 16.)

"Lined up at City' Island yesterday was the advance guard of the coming America's Cup racing. In the slip at the Robert Jacob shipyard was the schooner Corona, which will house the crew of the cup racer Enterprise [#1146s], ...
The Corona presented a strange appearance. She was the old cup yacht Colonia, which was built by the Herreshoffs along with the Vigilant [#437s] in 1893. Vigilant was selected to defend the cup. Eventually Colonia was purchased by the late Cleveland H. Dodge, her name changed to Corona and she was schooner rigged.
For years she raced in the regattas of the New York Yacht Club, but eventually was laid up in Greenport, L. I., where her lead keel was taken off and sold. She seemed destined for the scrap heap, but was brought back into cup service again, this time a mere hulk of her former self, but painted and varnished spic and span.
Concrete Fills Gap in Keel.
There are no masts in her and her bowsprit is off. The gap in her keel, where the lead was, is filled in with concrete. Her steel side plates are painted white, as they always were, but her deck is painted gray. Only her mahogany hatches were spared paint. She has a generator on deck forward for light. There are no engines, so she must be towed around when the Enterprise shifts her base.
The owner's staterooms have been taken out and thrown into the main saloon, making one large room. In one corner of this still remains the fireplace installed when she was made over into a cruising and racing schooner. There is also a long table for the crew.
There are bunks for the crew forward and two staterooms aft. There also is a sail locker aft, but it is only about large enough for a spare mainsail for the Enterprise. Most of the racer's extra sails must be stowed on shore.
Comfortable Crew Quarters.
In fitting out the Corona as a tender, the main consideration has been to provide comfortable quarters for the crew. The men who are not with the Enterprise in Bristol, R. I., waiting for her to be launched on Monday, are on the Corona in their dungarees looking after their own comfort for the Summer. After the Enterprise is launched and is towed to City Island they all will set to work to rigging her." (Source: Robbins, James. "Crew Boats Ready For Two Cup Craft. Old Cup Yacht Colonia, Now the Corona, Awaits Enterprise at City Island." New York Times, April 11, 1930, p. 40.)

"NEW BEDFORD, Mass., Sept. 26 [1935] (AP). --- A $1,000 fine threatens the existence of the last vestige of the days when hardy travelers crossed the ocean in sailing ships.
Emigration authorities here announced levying of the fine against the sailing vessel Corona, only boat now plying between this port and the Cape Verde Islands.
When the craft, built originally as a contestant for the privilege of defending the America's cup in 1893, sailed into this harbor last July emigration authorities warned ten seamen on board to remain offshore on the grounds they were not bonafide members of the crew. Later a seaman Miguel Alves, 23, was injured seriously in an automobile accident. Emigration officials claimed he had been allowed to come ashore illegally, and the fine against the vessel was announced last night.
Once a proud contestant for the honor of representing the United States in the America's cup races in 1893, the Corona bowed to a fleeter ship, the Vigilant [#437s], which defeated Valkyrie II, the English boat. In 1930 she served as living quarters for members of the crew of the Enterprise [#1146s, Harold S. Vanderbilt's successful defender in that series. Then she entered the New Bedford-Cape Verde parket service. Capt. John Souza, of New Bedford, is master and owner.
The service itself dates back to the days when proud whaling ships, heeling under a stiff breeze, sailed into this famous port. Then it was customary for New Bedford whalers to recruit their own crews and many a ship owner owed the skilful handling of his ship to the seamen signed on at the Capo Verde islands." (Source: Anon. "Fine Threatens Cape Verde Service Of Sailing Vessel." The Day, New London, Conn., September 26, 1935, p. 8.)

"... The Corona was built as a handsome steel sloop yacht by N. G. Herreshoff at his Bristol yards in Rhode Island back in 1893. She was a large vessel for a single master as she was 136 tons gross and 123 feet overall. She was first named Colonia, but in 1896 when she was altered to a centerboard schooner, she became Corona.
In 1905 she was owned by Arthur F. Luke of New York. Twenty years later she was owned by Cleveland H. Dodge, also of New York, and in 1935 she was owned by John L. Souza of New Bedford. In 1936 she went under the Portuguese flag. The Corona made several round trips to the islands during the next few years. She last departed from the whaling port on November 16th, 1940, with 110 tons of mixed cargo and eight passengers. She carried a crew of 18 men, enough for a full-rigged ship. As she passed down the bay in the dusk, she sighted the Capitana inward bound, a strange scene in a modern world. She has not returned to the States since the war. ..." (Source: Tod, Giles M. S. The Last Sail Down East. 1965, [p. 238?].)

"... In late October 1933, the schooner Corona was tied to the gas pier in New Bedford, receiving cargo bound for Cape Verde. She arrived in St. Vincent on 17 December, after 28 days of travel, eight more than anticipated, due to unfavorable weather. ... The Corona, which was built in Bristol, RI, as a 'race ship', was now in the Cape Verde trade ... [The] following spring, with passengers and cargo, ..., the journey was longer and lasted 32 days, from Brava. She carried 25 passengers and various cargo and arrived in New Bedford on to June 2, 1934, ... In 1935, the ship was headed by captain Rui B. Carvalho. She arrived in New Bedford, on 15 June, ..., after 54 days of good weather and lots of calm [with] various cargo and eight passengers, plus 21 crew members. ... In September, the Corona, [prepared for a] new departure for Cape Verde, with cargo and 25 passengers. She was now commanded by Captain John Smith and took as its immediate owner, John de Sousa. In October 1938, he was again the commander [and sailed with] 15 crew members [and] two passengers, Ana Gomes, 70, and Teofilo da Silva Neves, of the same age who wanted to end their days in the land where they were born. The boat arrived in São Vicente, on December 14, without incident, after 37 days of travel. According to DN, in 1939, Corona was ... the only ship [in the] Cape Verde [trade]. ... September 18, 1940, in full World War II, Corona arrived [in New Bedford] from Cape Verde after 47 days long trip, with 15 crew members and as many passengers, without seeing submarines or other German military vessels. Also brought rice, chopped corn, beans, tobacco and a few cans of cane sugar syrup. Captain Sousa, questioned by the press about the economic situation in Cape Verde stated that the item prices were high due to uncertainties caused by the effects of war. The boat entered the dry dock to be cleaned and repaired, with a view to his departure in October or November. Indeed, in mid-November was ready to return to the islands. More [we] do not know of Corona." (Source: Saial, Joaquim. "Curiosos Aspectos da Aventurosa Vida do Capitão de Veleiros 'John' de Sousa." ["Curious Aspects of the Adventurous Life of the Sailboat Captain 'John' de Sousa."] Very rough and shortened translation of the Portuguese original. http://brito-semedo.blogs.sapo.cv/457360.html, retrieved November 29, 2014.)

"N/A"

"[Item Description:] Typewritten (carbon copy) specifications titled 'Specifications. No. 435 [#435s COLONIA]'." (Source: Herreshoff Manufacturing Co.. (creator). Specifications. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDW02_01630. Folder [no #]. No date (1892-12 ?).)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled sections of a bulb-keel hull marked '#435 [COLONIA]'. Also references to 429 [#429s NAVAHOE]." (Source: Herreshoff, N. G. (creator). Penciled Sketch. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Acc. 2004.0001.0572. WRDT08, Folder 44. No date (1892-12 or later).)
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"[Item Transcription:] I have only a moment to let you know I am at the head of a syndicate to build a cup defender [which will become #435s COLONIA], and that is my reason for securing the refusal of your firm first = I am going to Hyde Park at once but will come down on Friday morning from there to my New York house [at] 340 Madison Ave. As I have to leave for Penn[sylvani]a that evening it is important we get together to discuss the question. Will be glad to have you at Hyde Park but it will be more convenient you probably to meet me Friday morning.
I will get down about 11:30 a.m. & we can have[?] the day together. [Undated. This letter probably was written in December 1892, prior to the signing of the contract for COLONIA. NGH's diary shows that he went to N.Y. on Thursday and Friday, December 15th and 16th, and came back with a signed contract for COLONIA.]" (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78320. Correspondence, Folder 99. No date (ca1892-12).)
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"[Item Transcription:] Don't fail to keep in mind that question of steel built spars [for #435s COLONIA]. While I am afraid we can not make the mast that way, I do not see why we should not be able to use the boom. This would relieve[?] the heasp[? WASP?] head[?] wonderfully. I wished Jan[?] were not so far off or that I was not. I shall be like a chicken with its head cut off until we get the details going. I shall be in New York Tuesday & Tuesday night & most of Wednesday. Would it help things along if you came down Tuesday afternoon & spend the night with me.
I could make you quite comfortable at 340 [Madison Ave]. I am negotiating for [Capt. Hank] Haff as sailing master & hope to get him. I think it would be well to design the deck fittings, skylights, companionways & c as they will be for a cruiser as they always will be fixtures, the interior we can easily work out. Can you save any weight & not sacrifice any good qualities by not having quite so much freeboard as you spoke off?" (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78030. Correspondence, Folder 99. 1892-12-17.)
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"[Item Transcription:] Your telegram I found here, where I came to work upon my [#435s COLONIA-owning] syndicate. I have only one more member to get and I think I have secured a sailing master.
Would it not be well in planning the yacht to lay out the sky lights, forecastle, galley, & after companion way as they will probably be in the yacht when she is altered into a cruiser & then we can thus[?] only put[?] in[?] now what is necessary. I have the mast boom gaff jib found[?] of ice yacht but do not altogether understand the rig, so you had better explain just how the rigging goes.
As I understand matters, first come the shrouds to go over masthead at ring --- then wire strop for jib halliard, then the two ends of double head stay. Now where does main halliards go, are those peculiar hooks or eyes let into mast (two of them) for that? As there was a single & double block rigged to wire strop I supposed them for main halliards, and the three single blocks for jib. Can you express to me at Hyde Park, Dutchess Co, N.Y. 100 feet of that fine steel wire rope 3/16 in diam? I will use it for side guys." (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78050. Correspondence, Folder 99. 1892-12-20.)
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"[Item Transcription:] I have[?] your 20th & since my letter to you I have set up ice yacht correctly so don't bother about rigging & c. I may want a boom iron & c for connecting the boom of my largest ice yacht to the mast, can send you particulars later if you have time or anything at[?] hand that would answer. The mast is about 7 1/2 in diam. I am afraid the brass like the one you send would be too light for my big boat of 800 sq feet canvas.
I will make inquiries about docking [#435s COLONIA] in New York as to 14 1/2 or 15 feet [depth of water] & let you know. I only suggested the freeboard question, I am greatly in favor of plenty & like to have it, I feel more & more convinced that Watson is going to turn out a centerboard boat [VALKYRIE II would have no centerboard]. What a triumph it would be to beat him if he does & we can, with a keel & thus turn the tables upon him again. Let me know when you are ready & then we can make an appointment at 340 [Madison Avenue] next week & you can spend the night with me if you will.
I am all alone when then[sic & we would have no one to disturb us & can get to bed early.
Yours very truly ...
[P.S.] I would sell the WASP [#414s] at a sacrifice. Please communicate this to the firm." (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78070. Correspondence, Folder 99. 1892-12-23.)
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"[Item Transcription:] Your letter & riggcatid[?] plan at hand. I have[?] would[?] you today to know if you can make it convenient to meet in[?] New York Thursday as I must be in town then & Friday. I can not get on to Bristol just now, as my vice[?] Pres[iden]t[?] is down with pneumonia. But if you are far enough along you[?] could have a talk drop me a line to 340 Madison Ave. to reach me Thursday. Your plan is somewhat similar to one I drew out. I have not yet learned about docks [for #435s COLONIA] but feel sure anything over 13 or 14 feet will have to haul out on the big sectional docks of New York or Brooklyn.
I got the boom iron & wire [for my ice boat]. Will try the boom iron though I fear it's light for a 32 foot boom 4 1/2 to 5in diameter." (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78090. Correspondence, Folder 99. 1892-12-27.)
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"[Item Description:] [Telegram from Poughkeepsie, NY:] I have to be in New York Thursday and Friday. Can you spend Thursday night with me [at] 340 [Madison Avenue to discuss #435s COLONIA]. Let me know when you will arrive. We will dine together. [Incl telegram envelope.]" (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Telegram to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78110. Correspondence, Folder 99. 1892-12-27.)
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"[Item Description:] [Telegram from Poughkeepsie, NY:] All right will meet you [in New York to discuss #435s COLONIA] and have dinner ready." (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Telegram to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78130. Correspondence, Folder 99. 1892-12-28.)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled calculations and measurements titled 'N.Y.Y.C. rule #435 [COLONIA]'." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Penciled Calculations. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE02_07590. Folder [no #]. No date (1893 or later).)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled pantograph hull sections titled '#435. COLONIA. Scale 3/8in per ft. 1893'. On verso: Unidentified detail sketches." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Pantograph Hull Sections. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE04_00530. Folder [no #]. 1893.)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled righting arm calculations for #429s [NAVAHOE], #435s [COLONIA], #437s [VIGILANT] and, on a separate pinned-on sheet of paper, for #427s [which would be FIN but appears to be an error]. Undated (the latest yacht mentioned, VIGILANT, was built in 1893)." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Penciled Calculations. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE06_01410. Folder [no #]. No date (1893 or later).)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled printed form with penciled measurements for #435s COLONIA." (Source: Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDW02_04500. Measurements Form. Folder [no #]. No date (1893 or later).)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled preliminary plan with inboard profile and accomodation plan and notes titled "#435' [#435s COLONIA]. Undated, COLONIA was contracted for in December 1892 and most of her plans drawn the following month (her offset booklet is dated January 2, 1893 indicating that by that time her model had been carved)." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Penciled Preliminary Plan. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE02_06890. Folder [no #]. No date (1893-01 ??.)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled superimposed hull sections, separate lead sections, and displacement curves titled '#435s [COLONIA]. Jan[uary] 8 [18]93'. With calculations for 'Body sections' and 'Lead sections'. Displacement curves marked as 'Disp[lacement] with lead = 4946cuft = 318000lbs', 'Wetted surface with lead 2442.5sqft', 'Outside lead ... = 146.2cuft = 104000lbs lead' and others. (Compare with MRDE04_09400 and MRDE04_09600 for VIGILANT and NAVAHOE which show a similar analysis and may have been made at the same time.)" (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Pantograph Hull Sections. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE04_09380. Folder [no #]. 1893-01-08.)
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"[Item Description:] [Telegram from New York:] Could not get a berth last night. I will come this morning [to Bristol to discuss #435s COLONIA] by ten o'clock train. Please secure for me at Hotel Bristol good rooms and tell them to see that sheets are thoroughly dried." (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Telegram to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78140. Correspondence, Folder 99. 1893-01-10.)
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"[Item Description:] HMCo Plan HH.5.07034 (088-079): Blueprint construction section titled 'Midship section for 85ft w.l. Sailing Yacht #435 [COLONIA]. Herreshoff Mfg. Co. Bristol, R.I. Jan[uary] 28 [18]93'." (Source: Herreshoff Manufacturing Co. (creator). Blueprint Construction Section. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Acc. 2004.0001.0137. WRDT08, Folder 12, formerly MRDE02. 1893-01-28.)
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"[Item Description:] [Telegram from Poughkeepsie, NY:] Your brother wants to see me New York Monday [apparently to discuss #435s COLONIA]. Can you meet me there and possibly go to Philadelphia [to] meet Cramp's head [of] construction Nickerson. If so will arrange interview. You to bring sketches of size of spars." (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Telegram to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78150. Correspondence, Folder 99. 1893-02-03.)
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"[Item Description:] [Telegram from Hyde Park, NY:] Sorry you won't come. Wire me that you thing[sic] of what your brother said about bottoms [apparently of #435s COLONIA]." (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Telegram to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78160. Correspondence, Folder 99. 1893-02-04.)
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"[Item Description:] HMCo Plan HH.5.06935 (087-061). Blueprint spar plan titled 'Spars for #435 [COLONIA]. Herreshoff Mfg. Co. Brsitol, R.I. Februar 8 [18]93'. With penciled note 'Not used'." (Source: Herreshoff Manufacturing Co. (creator). Blueprint. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item WRDT06_00490. Folder [no #]. 1893-02-08.)
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"[Item Description:] HMCo Plan HH.5.06947 (087-073). Blueprint rig detail plan titled 'Boom End For 84' w.l. Sailing Yacht #429 [NAVAHOE]. Herreshoff Mfg. Co. Bristol, R.I. Feb 16 [18]93'. With penciled note 'also #435 [COLONIA] - 437 [#437s VIGILANT]'." (Source: Herreshoff Manufacturing Co. (creator). Blueprint. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item WRDT06_00580. Folder [no #]. 1893-02-16.)
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"[Item Transcription:] I heard about the launch of [of #429s NAVAHOE] from Mr. Carroll, glad it was so successful.
I am at work upon spars [apparently for #435s COLONIA] and will report soon. I may see [Cramp's] Mr Nickerson tomorrow if I am not squared up.
I am a great believer in wood but do want to try to get a lighter boom if possible.
Yours sincerely ...
[P.S.] Please send me amount of lead on WASP [#414s] as I may sell her. [Incl envelope.]" (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78170. Correspondence, Folder 99. 1893-02-22.)
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"[Item Transcription:] Thank you very much for your interesting paper on ice yachts. It is just what I wanted.
Glad to hear No 435 [#435s COLONIA] is progressing. [The reference to the 'paper on ice yachts' may well be a reference to 'Mr. Nathaniel G. Herreshoff's Explanation of High Speed Possible in An Ice-Boat', NGH's contribution to Archibald Roger's chapter 'The Speed of Ice-Boats' in Herbert L. Stone's book 'Ice-Boating' (New York, 1913), or a precursor to it.]" (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78190. Correspondence, Folder 99. 1893-03-01.)
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"[Item Description:] [Telegram from Poughkeepsie, NY:] Will you be home Tuesday. If so will take boat Monday [to inspect #435s COLONIA together with Messrs. Bennett, Brooks, and Capt. Haff as per NGH diary]." (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Telegram to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78200. Correspondence, Folder 99. 1893-03-31.)
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"[Item Transcription:] [Sailmaker] Wilson writes me you have not ordered the sail for my boat [#435s COLONIA] yet, how is this. As soon as you can let me know. I will order from Wilson another mainsail of such weight as you deem best. We would be able to come pretty near the right thing by judging from NAVAJO's [sic, i.e. #429s NAVAHOE's] sail. Please don't run any risk at Wilsons. As I ordered the first boat [preceding #437s VIGILANT] I should get the first sail, but perhaps you have ordered the stuff and have not sent him the size yet.
It would be most unfortunate though if you get the boat ready & no sail was there.
What kind of a tender would that NAUTILUS belonging to Dr [Herbert M.] Howe make for my use this season. [NAUTILUS was a 56ft LOA steam yacht designed by Edward Burgess and built by Wood Bros. in East Boston in 1889.] [Incl envelope.]" (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78210. Correspondence, Folder 99. 1893-04-09.)
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"[Item Transcription:] Your letter of April 11th has been forwarded to me from Hyde Park. I expect to return there Tuesday or Wednesday and will refer to my plans and write you then about the galley [for #435s COLONIA]. I thought it was pretty well understood that we would make the arrangement suggested when I was last at Bristol. I
would like to get the stove as far away from the mast as possible and also over to one side in order that there may be a perfectly free and clear passage way for handling sails. As soon as you have further information about the stretch of the sails on Carrols boat [#429s NAVAHOE] if you will let me know, I will be prepared to order.
Do you know yet when you expect to put the boat in the water? I have so many engagements to make that I would like to know as soon as possible in order that I may not have anything interfere with being present.
Very truly yours, ... [Incl envelope.]" (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78240. Correspondence, Folder 99. 1893-04-17.)
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"[Item Transcription:] I will come on that's the best way.
I thought from my notes that we had definitely settled hatch question, both the galley hatch and the one for sails forward of mast of [#435s COLONIA], and as to mayn[?] wall[?] perhaps its best to wait until I get there. I will come possibly Monday but think I will come surely Tuesday either by boat or train to Providence if I can get off will take train Monday to Providence & be with you early Tuesday morning. Thank you for your kind offer to stay with you but I think I will not be able to stay over." (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78260. Correspondence, Folder 99. 1893-04-22.)
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"[Item Transcription:] Can you send me a docking plan of COLONIA [#435s]. I am making arrangements for a permanent docking place & want plan to get estimate for same. At your convenience I would like the sail plan promised[?].
If blue print is sent the dimensions would need to be written down as if not it would be inaccurate to measure from.
I wrote yesterday to the firm if hollow booms are not to built in good season[?]. I would like plan & specifications & then will try to have one made at once." (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78280. Correspondence, Folder 99. 1893-05-18.)
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"[Item Transcription:] Your favor of May 21st has been forwarded to me here. I note what you say about the Blocking and the sailing plan [for #435s COLONIA]. Of course I much prefer to have your firm build the boom and you superintend it, as I believe you will give a much better job than anybody else. Specifications and contract for the boom I suppose will be sent to Hyde Park and on my return I will sign same and forward to Bristol.
To save my writing another letter, will you kindly hand the enclosed check to the firm and
oblige. [COLONIA's hollow boom was eventually built by John J. Dricoll of C&R Poillon.]" (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78300. Correspondence, Folder 99. 1893-05-24.)
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"[Item Transcription:] Will you kindly drop me a line addressed to Lebanon, Lebanon County, Pa., telling me about when you think the trial sail [of #435s COLONIA] may come off as I want to make my arrangements to be away.
Talking things over with Mr [Hank] Haff he suggests something about using short pieces of lead (pig) along with shot for inside ballast. I think the plan may be a good one but I would inelt[?] in the lower portion if this plan is adopted and only use short & pig lead for the upper part.
Mr Haff thinks his state room too small for his convenience. If the starboard size is limited by w.l. could not the port one be made to suit him. [Undated (Tuesday). Reference to COLONIA's trial sail which took place Monday, June 12, 1893, suggests this letter to have been written somewhat earlier, probably on Tuesday June 6, 1893.]" (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78340. Correspondence, Folder 99. No date (1893-06-06 ?).)
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"[Item Description:] Fifteen penciled cards reporting usage of lead for 'Sloop # 2 [#435s COLONIA]' from workshop to HMCo office over the course of 14 days ranging from April 3, 1893 to May 2, 1893. With penciled note '49526lbs … Lead inside of #435. Account re[ceive]d from [foreman] Mr. Wood, June 15th [1893]' and '#435 COLONIA's Lead account' on verso. With penciled note adding individual lead amounts together and then dividing by 2000 to convert from lbs to short tons (51.487 1/2) of lead." (Source: Herreshoff Manufacturing Co. (creator). Penciled Notes. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE05_01850. Folder [no #]. 1893-06-15.)
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"[Item Transcription:] In order to be on the safe side of the boom question, I have had a little talk with [John J.] Driscoll, Poillon's head man. In order to arrive at anything definite in the way of estimate and time required to build a boom [for #435s COLONIA], it will become necessary for me to give him some plan. I would suggest, therefore, that you kindly provide me with the drawings for the hollow boom and the specifications as you have on hand. You can give me a tracing of the drawings and a copy of the specifications and I will see, then, whether I can get Poillon to build the boom.
Of course, this will not interfere in any way with my contract with your brother, because I should regard anything made this way by Poillon as an experiment.
Will you kindly, then, if you see nothing to interfere, get me out the data requested and mail it to me at Newport?" (Source: Rogers, Archibald. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_78310. Correspondence, Folder 99. 1893-06-28.)
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"[Item Transcription:] [Penciled list of sailing boats built by HMCo in the winter of 1892/1893:]
428 [#428s] MERRY THOUGHT. 25ft w.l. Cat. Crozer
429 [#429s] NAVAHOE. 84ft w.l. Sloop. Carroll
430 [#430s] BONNIE DOON. 30ft w.l. Sloop.
431 [#431s] MORWENA. 1 Rater. England
432 [#432s] VIOLA. 176t w.l. Cat. Boston
433 [#433s] MOJAVE. 20ft w.l. Cat. Murray
434 [#434s] KITE. 20ft w.l. J[ib] & M[ainsail]. Peet
435 [#435s] COLONIA. 85ft w.l. Sydicate
436 [#436s] BUBBLE. 1 Rater. One-Rater. Sail New Draft. Austria
437 [#437s] VIGILANT. 85ft w.l. Sydicate
438 [#438s] MENEEN. 2 1/2 Rater. Jackson." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (?) (creator). Penciled List. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE03_04410. Folder [no #]. No date (1893-07 or later).)
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"[Item Description:] HMCo Plan HH.5.06936 (087-062). Blueprint rig detail plan titled 'Extra Mast for 85ft Sailing Yacht #435 [COLONIA]. Herreshoff Mfg. Co. Bristol, R.I. July 11, [18]93'." (Source: Herreshoff Manufacturing Co. (creator). Blueprint. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item WRDT06_00590. Folder [no #]. 1893-07-11.)
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"[Item Description:] HMCo Plan HH.5.07111 (089-089). Blueprint rig detail plan titled 'Mast Truss For #435 [COLONIA] & #452 [DEFENDER]. Herreshoff Mfg. Co. Bristol, R.I. July 15, [18]93'." (Source: Herreshoff Manufacturing Co. (creator). Blueprint. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item WRDT06_00460. Folder [no #]. 1893-07-15.)
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"[Item Description:] Doctor has forbidden me to study at all for two years and has advised me to do some mechanical work, employment in your boat building departmen in carpenters work?, will try hard to make myself useful, wage not a consideration, I do not ask this as a favor to a friend but as a workman, I fear I write at a very inopportune time as you must be overworked with the 85-footers, wishing every success to the COLONIA [#435s] and VIGILANT [#437s]." (Source: Packard, Alpheus A. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_45900. Correspondence, Folder 100. (1893)-07-31.)
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"[Item Description:] Handwritten (carbon copy) regatta report titled 'The Astor Cup. First Race [held on August 14, 1893] 15 miles to Windward & return' with tabulated performance data for the America's Cup yachts JUBILEE [2nd place], PILGRIM [no finish], COLONIA [#435s] [3rd place] and VIGILANT [#437s] [1st place]." (Source: New York Yacht Club (?) (creator). Regatta Report. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE15_02000. Folder [no #]. 1893-08-07.)
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"[Item Description:] Handwritten (carbon copy) regatta report titled 'Glen Cove, L.I. The Commodore Cups' with tabulated performance data for schooners CORONET, DAUNTLESS, CONSTELLATION, RAMONA, LASCA, ALCAEA, MAYFLOWER, EMERALD, MARGUERITE, ARIEL, DAGMAR and LOYAL and for sloops COLONIA [#435s] [1st place], VIGILANT [#437s] [lost bowsprit and topmast], HILDEGARDE and QUEEN MAB." (Source: New York Yacht Club (?) (creator). Regatta Report. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE15_02090. Folder [no #]. 1893-08-10.)
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"[Item Description:] Printed racing instructions titled 'The Goelet Cups (12th Series) presented by Capt. Ogden Goelet, N.Y.Y.C. for Schooners, $1,000 Cup, for Sloops, Cuters and Yawls, $500 Cup. Newport, 1893'. With chart of waters and courses off Brenton's Reef Light Vessel and sailing instructions. [LASCA, owned by John E. Brooks, would eventually win the schooner cup, COLONIA [#435s] the sloop cup.]" (Source: New York Yacht Club (creator). Printed Racing Instructions. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE15_02060. Folder [no #]. 1893-08-11.)
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"[Item Description:] Printed racing instructions titled 'The Goelet Cups (12th Series) presented by Capt. Ogden Goelet, N.Y.Y.C. for Schooners, $1,000 Cup, for Sloops, Cuters and Yawls, $500 Cup. Newport, 1893'. With chart of waters and courses off Brenton's Reef Light Vessel and sailing instructions. [LASCA, owned by John E. Brooks, would eventually win the schooner cup, COLONIA [#435s] the sloop cup.]" (Source: New York Yacht Club (creator). Printed Yacht Club Circular. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE15_03000. Folder [no #]. 1893-08-11.)
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"[Item Description:] Handwritten (carbon copy) regatta report titled 'Newport to Vineyard Haven. Distance 37 miles. August 14th, 1893' with tabulated performance data. Herreshoff-built yachts listed are #414s WASP, #437s VIGILANT and #435s COLONIA." (Source: New York Yacht Club (?) (creator). Regatta Report. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDW02_03480. Folder [no #]. 1893-08-14.)
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"[Item Description:] Sorry to hear you have a cold, sorry #437s VIGILANT lost first race, all except Agnes who remains true to #435s COLONIA, news from home, do you realize this is the longest time you have been away from me since we have been married, it seems very long to me, Agnes wanted to write but was too sleepy." (Source: Herreshoff, Clara deW. [Caddie]. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_46620. Correspondence, Folder 103. 1893-09-10.)
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"[Item Transcription:] [On 'Edward P. Allis Company, Milwaukee' stationery:] I could hardly wait to get this mornings paper. 'The VIGILANT [#437s] is chosen was the first line I saw and I take the very first moment of spare time to send you my sincere congratulations.
I know how quiet and serene you will be through it all, but that is not like me. I have got to exuberate. I cannot tell you how glad we are out here. At this distance and without knowing with which boat your sympathies lay I cared little whether it was VIGILANT or COLONIA [#435s] that won. That it would be one of them I felt very sure.
I hope the cup races will prove as satisfactory. Barring accidents they will.
After the scrimmage is all over I hope we shall see you and yours out here.
With love to wife and children,
I am as always,
Your friend ..." (Source: Phillips, Geo. P. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_46470. Correspondence, Folder 102, formerly RtDB. 1893-09-12.)
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"[Item Description:] I intended to visit you to talk over the last summer but could not get away, shall put [#429s] NAVAHOE in commission, sails, please send spar measurements, I see there are some #435s COLONIA spare spars at Poillon's, is it possible to cut them down for NAVAHOE, winches such as used on #437s VIGILANT, boat had tendency to wipe off so we cut a little off the bowsprit which was no improvement, I should not care to go to any large expense to alter the boat such as lowering her lead as she is evidently outbuilt by VIGILANT, she has had some pretty had tumbling last season but never started the paint anywhere, I believe this one reason for her lack of speed, I must congratulate you on the excellent quality of all her gear, the sails were our trouble." (Source: Carroll, Royal Phelps. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_45560. Correspondence, Folder 100. 1894-04-07.)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled memo with calculations titled 'Hollow boom, 97ft long' and comparing weights and strength for hollow booms of steel of varying diameter and wall thickness and of yellow pine with oak ribs, and of spruce with oak ribs --- the latter being strongest. Undated, found with other papers from the 1890s. The boom length suggests an America's Cup boat for which hollow booms were discussed between 1893 and 1914. [This appears to be either for one of #437s VIGILANT's hollow booms of 1893/1895 or the 97.5ft hollow boom built by John J. Driscoll of C & R. Poillon for #435s COLONIA that was referenced by Archibald Rogers in his 1893-05-18 letter to NGH. (VIGILANT's boom of 1893 was hollowed out, not glued together).]" (Source: Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE05_01080. Penciled Calculations. Folder [no #]. No date (between 1893 and 1914 ??).)
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"[Item Transcription:] It gives me much pleasure to think of your being well enough to write, but you must not tax your strength or do any work [on #452s DEFENDER] until you are quite strong again. I hope to come to Bristol the last of this week or the first of next. Thi[?] one[?] edlet[?] was for a friend of mine in England. I may hear from him again later.
I am sorry to lose Willard but glad he will tune up VIGILANT [#437s]; but do think he should have refused my offer when I made it. He promised to go with me when he could & it was after that I told him all about the new boat.
Not knowing any one better or as good I felt obliged to take [Captain 'Hank'] Haff as skipper & have engaged him for the season with Terry if Mr Haff wants him. Berry sailing master of old KATRINA will act as 1s mate, I consider him very good, has lots of sand[?] & did well with KATRINA.
Crew have all been secured, mostly from Deer Island, Maine & are all Yankees. I expect to have #435s COLONIA in commission May 1st & will train & race crew on her until the new boat is finished.
AILSA seems a flyer in light airs, how can she outwind BRITANNIA in light airs with only 17ft draught & outfoot her too with 26ft beam. I think much is due to larger mainsail & small head sails, small forestaysail especially. Do make outs small & long[?] the stay well inboard. I hear the Watson boat is not set up yet.
They have two models & I am I am[?] waiting to see how AILSA would do.
Have called Mr. Vanderbilt for photos & accurate draught, beam etc of AILSA they may help us. Please don't leave any more things to chance the way you did with rolls[?] for angles. Watson says he can build & finished[?] his boat in 60 days, hope you can do the same.
Hoping this will find you much better ..." (Source: Iselin, C. Oliver. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_13800. Correspondence, Folder 38, formerly 198. 1895-03-18.)
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"[Item Transcription:] I enclose a letter recently received as I am sure it will please you to read it. I was not feeling very well yesterday so could not come to Bristol. Please send me a sail plan of DEFENDER [#452s] as soon as possible, one that Wilson [& Silby] can work from. I will see that the dimensions are kept secret.
I am having an extra spinnaker pole made. Please let me know length & size it should be made.
Kindly order at once from your Boston spar maker spare bowsprit, topmast & 2 club topsail spars. Will send you all dimensions of COLONIA's [#435s] spare mast in a few days. Please note I wish 8 deck lights on boat made of aluminum, if this material[?] can be used below decks for pumps, water closet pans, sailors trunks, anchor lights, side lights, etc etc. Please order these things at once. Of course I understand the extra expenses will be charged to me.
I should prefer setting jib flying; do you approve? I have today received some good photos of AILSA, will bring them on when I come." (Source: Iselin, C. Oliver. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_13900. Correspondence, Folder 38, formerly 199. 1895-04-18.)
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"[Item Transcription:] On COLONIA [#435s], foot 23st Bklyn
Mr C. Oliver Iselin
New Rochelle
Dear Sir
Yours of yesterday rec[eive]d. Have worked at spar find quite some checks in it. The worst ones about an eight of an inch wide & about an inch deep, but I don't think they are bad enough to weaken the spar. It is in the water, we hat it under cover & three coats of varnish on it, but last summer it bean to check & Poillon put it in the water. Poillon will send you a drawing of the spar. We are getting on very well. Haven't made much show[?] yet. Crew only got here yesterday morning, am perfectly satisfied with them & think you will be am[sic] having lots of inquiries from sailing masters about here to know if more like them can be got.
Sorry you could not get here this week lots of little things to talk about but will do later. Painters will about finish inside to day. I have a fearful cold & will go home to night; if not better in morning, will not come to morrow. [The writer is Capt. Hank Haff, as per April 24, 1895 letter by C.O. Iselin to NGH.]" (Source: [Haff, Henry 'Hank' Coleman]. Letter to Iselin, C. Oliver. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_13940. Correspondence, Folder 38, formerly 199. 1895-04-19.)
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"[Item Transcription:] Wilson & Silsby are to make a complete suit of sails for DEFENDER [#452s] so will require draft of all. I enclose letter from [Captain Henry 'Hank' Coleman] Haff about COLONIA's [#435s] spare mast & also drawing from Poillon [shipyard].
Expect to see Mr O'Gari[?] tonight about the angles.
Will be in Bristol Thursday or Wednesday." (Source: Iselin, C. Oliver. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_13960. Correspondence, Folder 38, formerly 199. 1895-04-24.)
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"[Item Transcription:] [Typed or mimeographed letter fragment:] We have received by express the plan of the sails which you have sent us, and as our Mr. Wilson said to you in Providence that it will be impossible for us to make any sails from any such plan as this. We want a plan with the sails arranged in the position in which they stand on the yacht, and why the people at Bristol cannot give you such a plan, we cannot understand. We wish to say this:- that we do not propose to take any responsibility if you wish us to cut sails from this plan. We mean any responsibility as to their fit. We shall be ready to cut some of the sails by the first of June [insert in ink 'in fact are ready to cut sails to day'], and wish to know if you propose to send us any different sail-plan than what we have. If not we are so much dissatisfied that we wish to say that it is impossible for us to proceed with the work. We found on the COLONIA [#435s] that a decided change was necessary in the spinnaker, and had we had a proper plan of the boat, the change would never have had to be made. Also, a dispute arose as [remainder in ink:] to how the boom was set[set], that[?] is the height from deck
wrean[?] strt[?] the jibtopsails # 3 jib # 2 foresail[?] trysail working topsail # 5 club and have[?] these[?] all right and uy[?] so as to start heavy[?] sails lyne[?] June 1st 1895. [Undated. Thought to be a letter by sailmakers Wilson & Silsby to C. Oliver Iselin as referenced by Iselin in his letter of May 14, 1895 and by NGH in his letter to Iselin dated May 16, 1895 in which he bitterly complained about Wilson & Silsby's attitude and Iselin's demand for proper sail plans for #452s DEFENDER.] " (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. Letter to Iselin, C. Oliver. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_22530. Correspondence, Folder 66. No date (before 1895-05-14).)
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"[Item Transcription:] I want to get a heavier jib topsail stay for COLONIA [#435s], kindly send me length & size of the one we have now, also size of one you intend putting on DEFENDER [#452s]. I notice on COLONIA that goose neck for spinnaker pole is so short it jams against one of the gig blocks when spinnaker pole is trimmed well aft. I would suggest more pins[?] at shrouds than on COLONIA & also several more cleats on deck for mainsheet & jib tackles.
VIGILANT [#437s] was very short of tackles & snatch blocks & sheets for balloon sails & I my bill for extra blocks was over $300. This certainly should not occur again & I would be pleased to have you send me a list of blocks ordered in order that I can look it over. I enclose a drawing just received, it is intended for VALKYRIE III, perhaps you can make it out, don't return it." (Source: Iselin, C. Oliver. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_14020. Correspondence, Folder 38, formerly 199. 1895-05-16.)
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"[Item Transcription:] I should prefer to have the bilge pumps on the DEFENDER [#452s] work from the deck same as VIGILANT's [#437s]. I note was[?] you say about pine[?] for deck & it seems a great pity we[?] should use 15ft length, as so many last[?] look badly besides causing many leaks; the bats[?] on COLONIA [#435s] cross[?] believe[?] the frames, about many of them do & we are much troubled with leaks at these points. Caulker from Piepgras is here today & caulking these places & many others.
The caulker states that Piepgras has a large quantity of well seasoned deck[?] stuff & you can no doubt get it if willing to pay for it.
I do think we should be entitled to a first class deck, so please communicate with Piepgras as soon as possible.
Your reply to my request for a sail plan as ordered for by Wilson or any other sail maker, has been submitted to Mr. Morgan & Mr. Vanderbilt. I will write you on[?] this subject when I hear from them." (Source: Iselin, C. Oliver. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_13980. Correspondence, Folder 38, formerly 199. 1895-05-20.)
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"[Item Description:] Table titled 'Examples of the Application of Proposed Measurement Rule for the the New York Yacht Club' providing data for Rig, Type under Water, Load waterline, Draft, Displacement, Sail area, Racing length and others for #435s COLONIA, #437s VIGILANT, #452s DEFENDER, JUBILEE, QUEEN MAB, HURON, #414s WASP, #451s NIAGARA, UVIRA, #422s HANDSEL, #449s ANOATOK, #409s GANNET, #408s PELICAN, #446s ALERION, #416s ALPHA, #406s IRIS, and #461s COCK ROBIN. With note 'Blueprint 2. Sept 20, 1895.'" (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Table. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_70900. Measuring and Measurement Rules (Box 1), Folder B1F06, formerly MRDE15. 1895-09-20.)
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"[Item Description:] Untitled table providing data for Rig, Kind of c.b. or keel, Waterline, Draft, Displacement, Sail area, Racing length and others for #435s COLONIA, #437s VIGILANT, #452s DEFENDER, JUBILEE, QUEEN MAB, HURON, #414s WASP, #451s NIAGARA, UVIRA, #422s HANDSEL, #449s ANOATOK, #409s GANNET, #408s PELICAN, #446s ALERION, #416s ALPHA, and #406s IRIS. Much appears to be the same data as that provided in the table titled 'Examples of the Application of Proposed Measurement Rule for the the New York Yacht Club' and dated September 20, 1895, suggesting this to be the draft also dated similar. With envelope labeled in pencil 'Original N.G.H.'." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Table. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_70920. Measuring and Measurement Rules (Box 1), Folder B1F06, formerly MRDE15. No date (ca1895-09-20).)
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"[Item Transcription:] [On 'On Board EMERALD' stationery (EMERALD was J. Roger Maxwell's Wintringham-designed 90ft schooner):] Yesterday Altey[? Altey (E.D.) Morgan?] told me that he would like to buy COLONIA [#435s] for a friend if could alter her as we wanted, but Rogue[? COLONIA's first owner Archibald Rogers?] only sent him a sail plan. No plan if[?] has[?] whathy[?]he[?] corse[?] from his ideas.
Have you got lines or any information that you would give him &[?] keep Rogue make[?]sale[?].
I think that it means nawun[?] but do not absolutely know.
I came up home[?] Friday to sail with Maxwell against Brokaw yest[erday] & tomorrow.
We beat her 33 minutes elapsed time yet. Wud[?] ly[?] whont[?] him[?] to momor[?].
It is too hot to live & must be anyone in town." (Source: Willard, Edward Augustus. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_22430. Correspondence, Folder 66. 1895-09-22.)
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"[Item Description:] Two sets of penciled pantograph hull sections of two different designs titled in right margin 'July 4th 1896. Figures for Capt. Converse for one 18ft 6in boat [and] one 14[ft] 3[in] boat for torpedo boats 6 & 7 [#189601es Cutter for #184p Porter, #189602es Cutter for #185p Dupont, #189603es Boat for #184p Porter, #189604es Boat for #185p Dupont]'. One set is marked 'Sections of cutter [from Model 701] designed for Nos 435 - 437 [#189301es Cutter for #435s Colonia and #189303es Cutter for #437s Vigilant]. Scale 1in' with calculations arriving at a displacement of 49.5cuft = 3180lbs and 'Disp[lacement] as per model 3180lbs. Est[imated] disp. of keel & deadwood 153[lbs]. [Sum] 3333[lbs]' and 'Estimates w[ei]ght of boat, oars & fittings 500lbs. Estimated weight of 17 persons 2833lbs. [Sum] 333[lbs]'. The other set is marked 'Sections of Rowboat, Regulation size [probably from Model 121]. Scale 1in' and calculations arriving at a displacement of 26.44cuft = 1700lbs and 'Estimated w[ei]ght of boats with oars & fittings 275lbs. Estimated w[ei]ght of 9 persons 1500lbs. [Sum] 1775[lbs]' and 'Disp[lacement] as per model 1700[lbs]. Disp[lacement] of Keel deadwood 75[lbs]. [Sum] 1775[lbs]'." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Pantograph Hull Sections. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE04_05990. Folder [no #]. 1896-07-04.)
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"N/A"

"[Item Description:] Penciled table, untitled, listing schooner classes (from A to EE) and sloops & yawls classes (from F to Q [and R and S]) and their ratings. With separate note showing rating factors 'with excess of rig' for CORONA [#435s ex-COLONIA], GLORIANA [#411s], WASP [#414s], IROLITA [#591s], HUMMA [#553s], COLUMBIA [#499s], CONSTITUTION [#551s], RELIANCE [#605s] and SPASM [#538s]. On verso unidentified sketches. Undated (the latest boat on this list was built in 1903)." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Penciled Table. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE03_01380. Folder [no #]. No date (1903 or later).)
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"[Item Transcription:] [Typewritten (mimeographed?) letter on 'Tucker, Anthony & Co. Bankers & Brokers, 53 State Street. Boston' stationery:] Dear Sir:-
I am applying for membership in the New York Yacht Club,
Mr. Arthur P. Luke of the COLONIA [#435s] and Mr. W. B. P. Weeks of Boston are respectively proposer and seconder of my name.
If it is not asking too much of you, will you kindly write a letter on my behalf to the Committee on Admissions, telling them of the new yacht [#625s DORIS] that you are building for me and anything else favorable that you may know of.
Thanking you in advance for any trouble you may take in the matter, I remain,
Yours truly, ..." (Source: Anthony, S. Reed. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_00330. Correspondence, Folder 1_14, formerly (84). 1905-02-20.)
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"[Item Description:] Four handwritten (in ink) pages with tabulated data listing 'Shop No', 'Name', '[Tons] Gross' and '[Tons] Net' for a total of 100 HMCo-built boats and classes. Tonnage data is usually precise to two digits behind the decimal. Random comparisons suggest source of tonnage data to be official Custom House data. Boats mentioned are: #664s, #663s, #625s, #665s, #634s, #658s, #657s, #646s, #641s, #617s, #626s Class, #624s, #621s, #616s, #619s, #590s, #591s, #586s, #592 Class, #618s, #605s, #578s, #560s Class, #580s, #553s, #551s, #552s, #546s, #541s, #545s, #538s, #534s, #533s, #532s, #529s, #534s, #530s, #531s, #435s, #437s, #452s, #499s, #429s, #426s, #424s, #481s, #422s, #417s, #414s, #451s, #215p, #213p, #222p, #235p, #230p, #229p, #236p, #224p, #244p, #247p, #249p, #231p, #232p, #228p, #252p, #250p, #251p, #248p, #168p, #164p, #118p, #142p, #174p, #173p, #194p, #189p, #193p, #183p, #178p, #179p, #181p, #182p, #175p, #163p, #148p, #149p, #172p, #155p, #170p, #186p, #188p, #206p, #207p, #205p, #208p, #209p, #210p, #211p, #212p, #216p. Undated (the latest boat listed, WINSOME, was launched in 1907)." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (?) (creator). Handwritten List. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE06_00220. Folder [no #]. No date (1907 or later).)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled diagram titled 'Stability curves. Scale 200ft tons per inch' comparing America's Cup yachts (from most to least stability) #605s RELIANCE, #499s COLUMBIA, #451s NIAGARA, #435s COLONIA, #437s VIGILANT and #429s NAVAHOE. Undated, mention of RELIANCE from 1903 indicates a year of 1903 or later with 1913 when #725s RESOLUTE was designed being the most likely one." (Source: Herreshoff, N. G. (creator). Stability Curves. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Acc. 2004.0001.0602. WRDT08, Folder 45. No date (1913-09 ???).)
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"[Item Transcription:] As lately there has been talk about changing the rule for rating measurement for yachts and, if changed, to make it a 'sail area rule', I have tabulated some of the data on file with the Race Committee and enclose a copy thinking that it might be of interest. [NP] The tabulation shows the relationship between RM and the square root of sail area, as well as between racing length and the cube root of displacement. From the tabulated figures it would seem that rating measurement might be determined directly from the square root of sail area, as shown in column headed 'X', which is about 0.85 for sloops and 0.78 for schooners, provided a consistent relationship was maintained between L (see column Y) and also between the square root of sail area divided by the cube root of displacement (see column Z). [NP] As displacement is an element troublesome to determine, it would seem as if it might be possible to use Coefficient times (LWL x beam x draft), in place of displacement. She Coefficient is shown in the column headed 'Coef.' which is approximately 0.16 for sloops and 0.18 for schooners. [NP] The product of dividing the square root of sail area by the cube root of displacement is shown in column '2', and the result is approximately 5.3. [NP] It would seem from a study of these figures that a simplified rule might be obtained.
[Incl. blueprint table titled 'Relation between R.M. and sq-rt(S.A.) & L, also between sq-rt(S.A.) & cube-rt(D) in Racing Formula for Rating Measurement for Sloops New York Yacht Club. September 1919. H. de B. Parsons, 22 Williams Street, New York.' and providing comparative data for N.Y.Y.C 30 (New York 30 Class), #709s JOYANT, ALEDA, NAHMA, JOSEPHINE, ALICE, DORELLO, #685s KALINGA (ex-ADVENTURESS), MEDORA, DORELLO II, N.Y.Y.C 40 (New York 40 Class), N.Y.Y.C 50 [New York 50 Class), #666s AVENGER, #694s SHIMNA, #625s DORIS, N.Y.Y.C 65 (New York 65 Class).]
[Incl. blueprint table titled 'Relation between R.M. and sq-rt(S.A.) & L, also between sq-rt(S.A.) & cube-rt(D) in Racing Formula for Rating Measurement for Schooners New York Yacht Club. September 1919. H. de B. Parsons, 22 Williams Street, New York.' and providing comparative data for Sound Schooner Class, VENONA, MILADI, SIMITAR, AMORILLA, #698s QUEEN MAB (ex-VAGRANT I), TIMANDRA, FLYING CLOUD, RADIANT, #663s IROLITA (ex-ISATLENA), TAORMINA, KATRINA, PRINCESS, IRIS, MURIEL, #719s VAGRANT, #772s MARIETTE, SAVARONA, ARIEL, SEA FOX, ENDYMION, #435s CORONA (ex-COLONIA), INVADER, ENCHANTRESS, #706s ELENA).]
[Incl. envelope postmarked Oct 2 (1919) and labeled in pencil by NGH 'Letter from H. deB Parsons about sailarea rule'.]
[Incl NGH reply:] Your very interesting letter of 2nd inst came while I was away on a little cruise, and since my return I have been so very busy that I have not found time to make a study of the tables you inclosed.
There are some good reasons for using sail area as a foundation for rating and I have been much interested in the scheme for several years, and, in fact, spent considerable time in the winter of 1914-15 in making a thorough study of the subject and formulating rules and restrictions necessary with using the sail area rating.
Your study considers existing racing yachts which, with only few exceptions were built since the present measurement rule went into effect. In my studies I also condiered the possible modifications in form and proportions that would arise under the sailarea rating.
To prevent abnormal and unwholesome types being constructed, I found it absolutely necessary to make restrictions or limitations in a number of elements, to wit over all length, and cube root of displacement, in relation to square root of sailarea, freeboard in relation to mean length ((oa+l2)/2), draft up water in relation to square root of sail area but modified in larger sizes for conveniences[?] of navigation.
So by[blank?] in safeguarding the sailarea rating I found it was necessary to take practically the same number of measurements as we do now. Therefore the gain in making a change from our present formula (C * ((L*sq-rt(S) / cube-rt(D)) to (K * sq-rt(S) is a doubtful one.
The problem of getting the most speed with least driving power or crew, would be an interesting one, but if it becomes necessary to enact restrictions & limitations to keep yachts in wholesome form you are really driving designers to work to stereotyped proportions.
If a few slight changes were made in our present [Universal] measurement rules and our present formula (C * ((L*sq-rt(S) / cube-rt(D))used without any limitations it would be good enough for universal adoption and without time limit as it has already been well tried out." (Source: Parsons, Harry DeBerkeley (incl NGH reply). Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_72930. Measuring and Measurement Rules (Box 2), Folder B2F05, formerly MRDE15. 1919-10-02.)
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"[Item Description:] Typewritten copy of letter: 'I have been much interested in reading your paper in the Sportsman on the match for the America Cup. I often see some strange statements made by the ordinary reporters on yachting, concerning the products that originated in the Bristol shops, of which I take no notice. But when a paper is published by such an authority as yourself, it is supposed to be reliable. But in this paper you have made some statements that are entirely false, and as it should become standard in the History of Yachting, I hope you will put aside any prejudices you have against the Herreshoff Manufacturing Company and make corrections that will give a just chronicle of the Cup defense.', #437s VIGILANT, #429s NAVAHOE, VALKYRIE II, VALKYRIE III, #435s COLONIA, #452s DEFENDER, GENESTA, BRITANNIA, PILGRIM, JUBILEE, #551s CONSTITUTION, #605s RELIANCE, #725s RESOLUTE; [This letter published as 'Letter One' in Herreshoff, Stephens. Their Last Letters 1930-1938. Annotated by John W. Streeter. Bristol, RI, 1988, p. 1.]" (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. Letter (copy) to Stephens, William P. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_20570. Correspondence, Folder 59. 1930-05-13.)
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"[Item Description:] Handwritten letter: 'I have been much interested in reading your paper in the Sportsman on the match for the America Cup. I often see some strange statements made by the ordinary reporters on yachting, concerning the products that originated in the Bristol shops, of which I take no notice. But when a paper is published by such an authority as yourself, it is supposed to be reliable. But in this paper you have made some statements that are entirely false, and as it should become standard in the History of Yachting, I hope you will put aside any prejudices you have against the Herreshoff Manufacturing Company and make corrections that will give a just chronicle of the Cup defense.', #437s VIGILANT, #429s NAVAHOE, VALKYRIE II, VALKYRIE III, #435s COLONIA, #452s DEFENDER, GENESTA, BRITANNIA, PILGRIM, JUBILEE, #551s CONSTITUTION, #605s RELIANCE, #725s RESOLUTE; [This letter published as 'Letter One' in Herreshoff, Stephens. Their Last Letters 1930-1938. Annotated by John W. Streeter. Bristol, RI, 1988, p. 1.]" (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. Letter to Stephens, William P. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_20500. Correspondence, Folder 59. 1930-05-13.)
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Note: This list of archival documents contains in an unedited form any and all which mention #435s Colonia even if just in a cursory way. Permission to digitize, transcribe and display is gratefully acknowledged.

• Herreshoff Manufacturing Company. "Specifications. No. 435 [Colonia]." No place [Bristol], no date [December? 1892]. (3,169 kB)
  Document is copyrighted: Yes, used with permission. Copyright holder: Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum. Detailed vessel specifications for #435s Colonia.

• Corona ex-Colonia (HMCo-made index card)
• Corona ex-Colonia (MIT Museum-made index card)
• Note: The vessel index cards comprise two sets of a total of some 3200 cards about vessels built by HMCo, with dimensions and information regarding drawings, later or former vessel names, and owners. They were compiled from HMCo's early days until 1920 and added to in later decades, apparently by Hart Nautical curator William A. Baker and his successors. While HMCo seems to have used only one set of index cards, all sorted by name and, where no name was available, by number, later users at MIT apparently divided them into two sets of cards, one sorted by vessel name, the other by vessel number and greatly expanded the number of cards. Original HMCo cards are usually lined and almost always punched with a hole at bottom center while later cards usually have no hole, are unlined, and often carry substantially less information. All cards are held by the Francis Russell Hart Nautical Collections of the MIT Museum in Cambridge, Mass.

Name: Colonia
Type: Cutter
Length: 85'
Owner: Rogers Syndicate

Source: Herreshoff Manufacturing Company. "A Partial List of Herreshoff Clients." In: Herreshoff Manufacturing Company. Herreshoff Yachts. Bristol, Rhode Island, ca. 1931.

• Colonia
• Corona ex-Colonia
• Note: The L. Francis Herreshoff index cards comprise a set of some 1200 cards about vessels built by HMCo, with dimensions and / or ownership information. Apparently compiled in the early 1930s, for later HMCo-built boats like the Fishers Island 23s or the Northeast Harbor 30s are not included. Added to in later decades, apparently by L. F. Herreshoff as well as his long-time secretary Muriel Vaughn and others. Also 46 cards of L. F. Herreshoff-designed vessels. The original set of index cards is held by the Herreshoff Marine Museum and permission to display is gratefully acknowledged.

Name: Colonia
Type: 85' 4" steel cutter
Owner: Archibald Rogers, et al.
Year: 1893
Row No.: 125

Source: Herreshoff, L. Francis. "Partial List of Herreshoff-Built Boats." In: Herreshoff, L. Francis. Capt. Nat Herreshoff. The Wizard of Bristol. New York, 1953, p. 325-343.

"Colonia 1893, altered to schooner 1896 --- later Corona." (Source: Stephens, W. P. Traditions and Memories of American Yachting. Complete Edition. Camden, Maine, 1981, p. 338.)

"Built in 153 days (contract to launch; equivalent to $294/day, 2026 lbs displacement/day)." (Source: van der Linde, Claas. January 16, 2024.)

"N/A"

"[Sail area 11272 sq. ft.]" (Source: Chevalier, Francois and Jacques Taglang. America's Cup Yacht Designs 1851-1986, Paris, 1987, p. 205.)

"[Displacement (140.6 tons).]" (Source: Chevalier, Francois and Jacques Taglang. America's Cup Yacht Designs 1851-1986, Paris, 1987, p. 205.)

Note: Research notes contain information about a vessel that is often random and unedited but has been deemed useful for future research.