HMCo #300p Shadow III

"[1915-10-19] Tue 19: Dr. Ayre [sic, i.e. Ayer] here talking about a 45' cruising launch [#300p Shadow].
[1915-11-05] Fri 5: ... Dr. Ayre here again about [a] 45' launch [#300p Shadow].
[1915-12-10] Fri 10: ... Have order from Dr. Ayre for 48' cruising launch [#300p Shadow].
[1916-01-02] Sun 2: At work on drawings [for #300p Shadow] about all day.
[1916-01-09] Sun 9: At work on drawings of #300 [Shadow] & 16 f[oo]t [Seawanhaka Fish] class all day. Very fine & cold. ...
[1916-01-24] Mon 24: Very fine & calm. ... Set up #300 [Shadow], launch for Dr. Ayre.
[1916-02-08] Tue 8: Strong W [wind in] AM & cold. ... [In] PM turned over #300 (Dr. Ayer's launch) [Shadow].
[1916-02-15] Tue 15: Very fine & cold. Nearly calm. 5deg. [in] AM. Dr. Ayre [#300p Shadow] here in AM. ...
[1916-02-19] Sat 19: H[eav]y WNW [wind] & cold. 13deg. in forenoon. ... Deck frame & forward deck in #300 [Shadow]. ...
[1916-04-19] Wed 19: Dr. Ayre here in forenoon to look over #300 [Shadow]. Strong NW [wind] early, moderating in PM. ...
[1916-05-11] Thu 11: SW to strong NW & warm. ... Dr. Ayre [owner of #300p Shadow] here ...
[1916-05-20] Sat 20: Launched 12th 40 footer [#804s Squaw] in forenoon and later moved #300, Shadow, from east shop to north shop, a slow job getting across street and slung to crane. ...
[1916-05-22] Mon 22: Launched Shadow (No 300) and 5 16 footers. ...
[1916-05-26] Fri 26: Very fine & warm. Mod[erate] N [wind]. Tried #300 [Shadow] yesterday PM over harbor course and made nearly 12 miles. ...
[1916-06-02] Fri 2: Had trial of Shadow #300 on[?] harbor course. Very satisfactory. Max speed 10 k[nots]. [Shadow's owner] Dr. Ayre here.
[1916-06-07] Wed 7: Turned over Shadow #300 to Dr. Ayre and she left at noon. ... Easterly & variable." (Source: Herreshoff, Nathanael G. Diary, 1913 to 1916. Manuscript (excerpts). Diary access courtesy of Halsey C. Herreshoff.)

"Dec[ember] 10, 1915.
Power boat No. 300 to be built to following figures at 4/5 size of scale 9 3/5" long for cross sections and scantlings and 3/4 length or scale 9" long for all fore & aft measurements.
By common rule:
Frame spaces 12".
Siding of keel & stem 4 3/8 [corrected to] 4 1/2".
Timbers moulded 1 11/16".
Planking & deck 1 1/8" senut[?].
Clamps 3 x 3".
Deck beams 1 7/8 x 2 7/8".
Builge stringers (if any) 1 7/8 x 3 1/2".
Ceiling 3/8" senut[?].
Painted w[ater] l[ine] above base 2' 10 1/2" forward, 3' 8 1/4" aft.
To have a raised deck forward, extending to and including # 22 frame. The figures in red are for this raised deck, and include cutting away the flare forward just below original sheer." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. [Note (in ink and pencil) in Offset Booklet HH.4.045.2.] Haffenreffer-Herreshoff Collection, MIT Museum, Cambridge, MA.)

"... Several trials were held off Bristol of the 60-foot power cruiser Shadow last week. This craft, built for Dr H. C. Ayer, in these trials showed a speed of 11 miles an hour. ..." (Source: Anon. "Notes from the Week's Log." Boston Globe, June 11, 1916, p. 65.)

"DR. JAMES C. AYER, of the New York Y. C., added another vessel to the long list he has owned and this year had Herreshoff build an auxiliary ketch, which for a vessel of her size, has wonderful accommodation, and proved to be fast under either sail or power. Shadow III, as the latest of Dr. Ayer's fleet is called, is 48 feet 8 inches over all, 46 feet 8 inches length on the water-line, 12 feet 5 inches extreme breadth, 5 feet 9 inches depth, and 3 feet 7 inches in draught. She is equipped with a four-cylinder, 5 1/2-inch by 6-inch slow-speed Van Blerck engine, developing 50 h.p. at 835 r.p.m.
Dr. Ayer has owned many yachts. According to the Yacht Register, his first was the auxiliary schooner Laurus, which was built by Poillon from designs by A. Cary Smith, in 1900. This vessel was 46 feet on the water-line. In 1903, he had an auxiliary yawl named Tempest, built by Jacob from designs by Crowninshield. This yacht was 27 feet on the water-line, and she had an Eagle engine installed. In 1907 Lawley built for Dr. Ayer the first Shadow, an 80-foot cruiser which was driven by a Standard engine. The second Shadow was a 40-footer, built from designs by Deed in 1912, and in this a Clifton engine was used. Dr. Ayer loves to sail, and so this year he had a vessel built which he could handle under sail or use the power when the wind was light, and his Shadow III pleases him in every way. The flaring bow makes the boat a very seaworthy one, and Dr. Ayer says he has seen few vessels of twice the Shadow's length that have such good seagoing qualities.
The yacht carries a knockabout ketch rig and makes good way under canvas and sails to about 7 points of the wind. A dinghy is carried on chocks on top of the after deckhouse, and this is launched by an ingenious bridle attachment to the main boom, using the topping-lift as a purchase. It can be launched by one person. The deck-house is 14 feet by 9 feet, and in it are the steering wheel and engine controls. It is furnished as a dining room.
A companionway leads from this deckhouse to the galley and the owner's quarters, which are below. In the owner's stateroom are two spring beds. The crew's quarters are aft of the engine space. The Shadow III is lighted by electricity. It has two cylindrical fuel tanks, each of 140 gallons' capacity, and an additional one of 100 gallons' capacity.
The engine is installed with the flywheel facing the stern. The propeller shaft runs under the engine and is connected to the crank shaft through two beveled herring-bone gears which run in a bath of oil. The ratio of these gears is 90 to 41. Thus the engine is run at 835 r.p.m. and the propeller turns 375 r.p.m. The propeller is four-bladed, 32 inches diameter, 48 inches pitch. The yacht can make 9 nautical or 10.36 statute miles an hour." (Source: Anon. "Dr. J. C. Ayer's Shadow III." Rudder, December 1916, p. 540-541.)

"... In the north shop close up to the stern of the cup defender Resolute [#725s] is the Shadow, a power cruiser owned by Isaac B. Merriman of Providence." (Source: Anon. "Cup Yacht Resolute in Herreshoff's Shop. Undergoing Restoration of Lead in Keel Taken Out When Rigging was Changed to Schooner Last Year." Bristol Phoenix, October 30, 1928, p. 8.)

"1928. ... I. B. Merriman bought the 49-foot cruiser Shadow III from New York. ..." (Source: Davis, Jeff. Yachting in Narragansett Bay. Providence, 1946, p. 39.)

"... Power cruiser Shadow sold for Charles D. Owen, Jr., to Charles Gulden. ..." (Source: Anon. [Title?]. Rudder, 1939, vol. 55, [p. 77?].)

"The first gathering of 'ancient boats' or as Nancy Lamdin calls them 'Boats with Character,' was held at the Ferry Boat Marina in Cambridge, Md. as part of Dorchester County's 300th Anniversary celebration. Mrs. Lamdin is editor of the Binnacle, a local boating magazine which sponsored the get-together.
A total of 35 boats, 30 years old or more, were present. There was a contest for the best boat kept in original condition and a parade. The boats were divided into power and sail groups and were grouped according to size -- 26 feet, 26 to 40 feet, and over 40 feet. Howard Chappelle, curator of the marine section of the Smithsonian Museum, Lawrence Hartje, outstanding marine surveyer, and William B. Matthews, Jr., were the judges. Jim Rider's Shadow, a 47-foot, 1915 Herreshoff power cruiser, won in the larger class ..." (Source: Anon. "Ancient Boats Parade." MotorBoating, December 1969, p. 117.)

"I am enclosing a poor photocopy of the cover and story in a 1916 issue of Motor Boat of the Herreshoff Shadow, which I own and have put in near new condition. Would you or any of your readers know where I might find a copy of the original issue of Motor Boat, October 19, 1917? James Rider, Box 1085, Jupiter, Fla." (Source: Boating, April 1970, p. 16.)

"FORT PIERCE. Two women escaped injury late Thursday when their 48-foot boat rammed the South Bridge over the Indian River.
Coast Guard spokesmen identifed the operator of the 58-year-old wooden boat as Ida Lenihan of Pirate's Cove Marina in Port Salerno.
A passenger on the boat, Janet Lenihan, said yesterday, 'I'm sorry, we had a bad time of it yesterday and I just don't feel like talking.'
The handmade classic boat, the 'Shadow', sustained heavy damage when the cabin caved in.
Sources at the Fort Pierce City Marina, where the boat was brought right after the accident, said the women apparently couldn't get the boat's gears to stay in reverse.
The boat was towed to David Lowe's Boatyard in Port Salerno yesterday where it will be repaired. [Image caption: ] This is what the 'Shadow' looked like after it collided with the South Bridge at Fort Pierce Thursday. The boat was heavily damaged about the cabin area." (Source: Anon. "2 Unhurt In Boat Accident." The Palm Beach Post, September 13, 1973, p. B1.)

"N/A"

"N/A"

"[Item Description:] HMCo Plan HH.5.00091 (002-089). Photostat construction plan with plan view, sections and inboard profile titled 'SHADOW. No 300 [#300p]'." (Source: Herreshoff Manufacturing Co. (creator). Photostat Construction Plan. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Acc. 2004.0001.0199. WRDT08, Folder 15, formerly MRDE02. 1915-01-11.)
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"[Item Description:] Two sets of penciled pantograph hull sections on verso of 'Herreshoff Manufacturing Company, Bristol, R.I., John B. Herreshoff Prest. & Treas., N.G. Herreshoff, Supt., C.W. Young, Sec'y' stationery. Titled '64ft 10in Cruising Power Boat model used for #300 [SHADOW] & 301 [#301p MAGISTRATE] & 375 [#375p PETUNIA]' and marked '1916'. One set accompanied by difficult to understand note 'Even add no. frame spaces forward after [? referred to Baseline. Frame spaces inch added 16in. Frame spaces #301 15in. Frame spaces #300 12in'. The other set accompanied by note '10th of w.l. 6ft spaces for 64ft 10 1/2in o.a. Referred to base line'. No further notes or calculations. Marked '1916' (SHADOW was contracted for November 26, 1915)." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Pantograph Hull Sections. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE04_06480. Folder [no #]. 1916.)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled sketches of two marine engines, one marked 'Dupont Motor 4 cyl', the other marked 'J.V. B. [Joseph Van Blerck] Model A4R. Model A4'. No further notes, undated (4 cylinder Van Blerck engines were used at HMCo between 1916 and 1921, e.g. for #300p SHADOW III, #299p HELIANTHUS II, #305p LADY GAY and #378p HELIANTHUS III)." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Penciled Sketch. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE06_01230. Folder [no #]. No date (between 1916 and 1921 ?).)
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"[Item Transcription:] Book or pamphlet page with five Levick photos of #300p SHADOW and the caption 'SHADOW III
Dr. J. C. Ayer, Glen Cove, L. I., and New York City, Owner. 48ft x 12 1/2ft x 3 1/2ft. Designed by Nat Herreshoff. Built by Herreshoff Mfg. Co. [Addition in pencil: 1916.] Speed 11 M.P.H. Four-cylinder, 53 1/2in x 6in Van Blerck, operating through a Reduction Gear; engine operates at 850 R.P.M. and propeller at 375 R.P.M. A very successful installation and a very comfortable and satisfactory boat. Boat is equipped with an Auxiliary Ketch Rig for operation under canvas when so desired. A clever combination well worked out.
page thirty-one.' On verso text explaining that this book was meant to demonstrate boats equipped with Van Blerck motors." (Source: Van Blerck Motor Co. (creator). Book Page. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE06_00340. Folder [no #]. No date (1916 or later).)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled notes booklet titled in ink 'No 378 notes HELIANTHUS 3rd [#378p] 1921'. Inside text beginning with 'No. 378. HELIANTHUS (3rd). Decided to build again for myself Feb 14, 1921. One strong reason was to give employment to some of our men and keep them in town, and also to have more work going on to benefit the shop. I had been working on the designs of such a boat as I would like, for my own cruising, last winter at Bermuda and this winter with no intent to build, simply amusement. The design is from a model I made for myself in 1914, and used at scale of 5/8in per foot for #300 [SHADOW III], and also for #301 [MAGISTRATE] at 1/2in per foot and 15in frames spaces for the MAGISTRATE. I decided to use the smaller moulds (5/8) and with 15in frame spaces.' Followed by very detailed dimensions and, beginning on May 7, 1921 with a daily logbook or technical events, including launch (June 23, 1921), trial (June 25, 1921), first cruise to New London (July 9, 1921 to July 12, 1921, then 'continued in Log Book'), haul out (August 15, 1921), another trial (August 21, 1921), another haul out (September 20, 1921), start on cruise to Florida (October 11, 1921), end of cruise (May 3, 1922), commissioning for next season (June 23, 1922), changes made to yacht to improve looks and speed (March 1923), new engine (May 28, 1923), new propeller from pattern made by NGH (June 6, 1923), bottom painting with 1 part camomel[? i.e. calomel, a poisonous mercury compound?] to 2 parts white zinc in spar varnish with some turps and sides light green with mast greenish yellow and fender strakes a little darker green and deck house ivory wright[?] (June 10, 1923)." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Notes Booklet. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE02_02400. Folder [no #]. 1921-02-14 to 1923-06-23.)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled list titled 'HELIANTHUS III [#378p]. Drawings to be made. 62ft Power Cruiser' with names of drawings and their dates. The list also mentions a drawing for #300p [SHADOW]. Dates range from February 13 [1921] to April 6 [1921]. This list may have been prepared by or for Clarence Herreshoff who is known to have drawn (some) of the plans for HELIANTHUS III during this time." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (?) (creator) or Herreshoff, Clarence (?) (creator). Penciled List. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE03_03480. Folder [no #]. No date (between 1921-02 and 1921-04).)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled dimensioned preliminary general arrangement plan inboard profile and plan view marked in lower right corner 'Sketch sent to C. D. Mallory. 11in spaces'. Also note 'Frame spaces 10 1/2in. Moulds of #300 [SHADOW]. Sheer height same as #370 [TYARA] + 3in'. Undated (this is probably the plan of an enlarged BONNIE DUNDEE [#370p ex-TYARA] which C.D. Mallory mentioned in his letter to NGH dated December 21, 1921)." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Penciled General Arrangement Plan. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Acc. 2004.0001.0224. WRDT04, Folder 21, formerly MRDE08. No date (before 1921-12-21).)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled pantograph hull sections with tracing marks annotated 'Model of SHADOW [#300p], 1916, 4/5 sections of model, 12in frame spaces. Model of MAGISTRATE [#301p], 1916, full sections of model but 15in frame spaces. Model of Pierce's [#370p TYARA] 4/5 sections of model but ? frame spaces. Model of Tiffany's [#375p PETUNIA], 4/5 sections of model, but 14 1/4in frame spaces' and note 'Used for HELIANTHUS 3rd'. On verso of gothic font 'Herreshoff Manufacturing Company, Bristol, R.I.' stationery. Marked 'about 1922'." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (?) (creator). Pantograph Hull Sections. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE04_02390. Folder [no #]. About 1922.)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled preliminary general arrangement plan for what will become #378p HELIANTHUS III titled '59 1/2 o.a. 55 1/2 w.l. 12ft 9in beam. 14 1/2in frame spaces. Moulds of #300 [SHADOW]. M[ar]ch 22 [19]20'.'" (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Penciled General Arrangement Plan. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE02_05910. Folder [no #]. 1922-03-22.)
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"[Item Transcription:] Handwritten (in ink) trials booklet titled '1911. Trial Trips and Experiments'. Relevant contents:
§22: #300p SHADOW III Trial Run best speed 10.0kn (1916-06-02)." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator) and Herreshoff, A. Sidney deW. (creator). Trials Booklet. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE07_04280. Folder [no #]. 1911-06 to 1926-05.)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled sketch with stylized outlines for PRESTIGE [#1058s] / VALIANT, 31 footer SKIDOO [#1165s] [crossed out], 23-footers & 6 meter, NOMAD, S Boat, 12 1/2 footer, MIZA, BETTY ANN, DUFFER, WEETAMOE Tender, SHADOW [#300p] and SILVERHEELS [#1204s], marked 'Scale 1in = 20ft'. Possibly used to plan winter storage space requirements. Undated, the newest yachts mentioned are SKIDOO from 1931 and the FI-23s built in 1931/1932." (Source: Herreshoff Manufacturing Co. (creator). Detail Sketch. MIT Museum, Hart Nautical Collections, Haffenreffer-Herreshoff Collection Item HH.6.124. Box HAFH.6.4B, Folder Detail Sketches. No date (1931 or later).)
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"[Item Description:] Hulls, anchors and pipe berth cut-out models and diagrams. Among others deckline cut-outs for BETTY ANN, #300p SHADOW III, NOMAD, Fishers Island 31-footer, Fishers Island 23-footer, Sub Chaser 110ft x 18ft, 11ft-6in Boat [built from Plan] 76-17 [now named Plan 28-21] (76-33 [now named Plan 28-23]) for Mr Tiffany's #934 [HARLEQUIN] [this may be a reference to #191901es], 18ft-9in Launch [#191002ep] used on #692 [WESTWARD], 14ft Rowboat [#190912es] [built from Plan] 76-14 698 [#698s WESTWARD], 19ft-4 1/2in x 5ft-4in Launch [#191304ep] for #719 [VAGRANT II], 14ft-8in Gasoline Launch [#190307ep] for 590 [#590s INGOMAR], 10ft-3in Boat [# ?] for 376 [#376p ESLOMA], 18ft Dories [#191729es] for #323 [SP-2840], #293 [Power Launch for #215p ROAMER], Vosper [Torpedo Boats built from 1943 - 1944), AMC Minesweeper [#411p, #412p, #413p, #414p], 16ft-10in x 5ft-1in [#191307es Colonia Sailing Cutter] for #719 [VAGRANT II], 711 Class [New York 50s], [dinghies #191308es and #191309es] for #722 [KATOURA], 12ft [dinghy #191106es ?] for 698 [#698s WESTWARD], 25ft-10in x 6ft-1in [built from Plan] 2-83 [#191301ep Owner Launch for #722s Katoura], 11ft-0in Rowboat [# ?] between davits on #251 [LANG SYNE] Feb [19]06, 23ft-4in x 6ft-4in [#287p Stock launch later Crew Launch for #722s KATOURA]. Generally undated, the last vessels referred to appear to date from 1944." (Source: MIT Museum, Hart Nautical Collections, Haffenreffer-Herreshoff Collection Item HH.6.130. Cut-out Models and Diagrams. Box HAFH.6.4B, Folder Models and Diagrams. No date (1944 and earlier).)
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Note: This list of archival documents contains in an unedited form any and all which mention #300p Shadow III even if just in a cursory way. Permission to digitize, transcribe and display is gratefully acknowledged.

• Anon. "The Sailing Motorboat Shadow." Yachting, January 1917, p. 26-27, 49. (645 kB)
  Document is copyrighted: No. Vessel description.

• Shadow III (HMCo-made index card)
• Shadow III (MIT Museum-made index card)
• Note: The vessel index cards comprise two sets of a total of some 3200 cards about vessels built by HMCo, with dimensions and information regarding drawings, later or former vessel names, and owners. They were compiled from HMCo's early days until 1920 and added to in later decades, apparently by Hart Nautical curator William A. Baker and his successors. While HMCo seems to have used only one set of index cards, all sorted by name and, where no name was available, by number, later users at MIT apparently divided them into two sets of cards, one sorted by vessel name, the other by vessel number and greatly expanded the number of cards. Original HMCo cards are usually lined and almost always punched with a hole at bottom center while later cards usually have no hole, are unlined, and often carry substantially less information. All cards are held by the Francis Russell Hart Nautical Collections of the MIT Museum in Cambridge, Mass.

Name: Shadow
Type: Gasoline
Length: 48'10"
Owner: Ayer, J. C.

Source: Herreshoff Manufacturing Company. "A Partial List of Herreshoff Clients." In: Herreshoff Manufacturing Company. Herreshoff Yachts. Bristol, Rhode Island, ca. 1931.

• Shadow III
• Note: The L. Francis Herreshoff index cards comprise a set of some 1200 cards about vessels built by HMCo, with dimensions and / or ownership information. Apparently compiled in the early 1930s, for later HMCo-built boats like the Fishers Island 23s or the Northeast Harbor 30s are not included. Added to in later decades, apparently by L. F. Herreshoff as well as his long-time secretary Muriel Vaughn and others. Also 46 cards of L. F. Herreshoff-designed vessels. The original set of index cards is held by the Herreshoff Marine Museum and permission to display is gratefully acknowledged.

Name: Shadow III
Type: 48' 10" power
Owner: Dr. J. C. Ayer
Year: 1916
Row No.: 617

Source: Herreshoff, L. Francis. "Partial List of Herreshoff-Built Boats." In: Herreshoff, L. Francis. Capt. Nat Herreshoff. The Wizard of Bristol. New York, 1953, p. 325-343.

Year: 1915
E/P/S: P
No.: 300
Name: Shadow
OA: 48"10"
LW: 46' 8"

Source: Vermilya, Peter and Maynard Bray. "Transcription of the HMCo. Construction Record." Unpublished database, ca. 2000.

Note: The transcription of the HMCo Construction Record by Peter Vermilya and Maynard Bray was performed independently (and earlier) than that by Claas van der Linde. A comparison of the two transcriptions can be particularly useful in those many cases where the handwriting in the Construction Record is difficult to decipher.

"Motorsailer." (Source: van der Linde, Claas. January 4, 2009.)

"For a detailed portrait of the yachtsman and surgeon Dr. James C. Ayer see Brown, Harry. The History of American Yachts and Yachtsmen. New York, 1901, p. 123." (Source: van der Linde, Claas. May 11, 2011.)

"Price $7,350 from undated Memo 'Tentative report of receipts and expenses between Jany 1 1916 and July 1 1916, which might be reasonable to expect, not taking into consideration any further new work which may come in' in collection of the Herreshoff Marine Museum (HMM Unidentified / Non-Catalogued Folder MRDT #15 (old). Subject: HMCo Time Books. Financial Statements. 1878 - 1916.)." (Source: van der Linde, Claas. November 27, 2016.)

"Built in 178 days (contract to launch; equivalent to $41/day, 124 lbs displacement/day)." (Source: van der Linde, Claas. January 16, 2024.)

Note: Research notes contain information about a vessel that is often random and unedited but has been deemed useful for future research.