HMCo #703s Flying Cloud

"[1910-11-04] Fri 4: Cast lead for #703 [Flying Cloud], 44' lwl cruiser.
[1910-11-09] Wed 9: Began setting up frames on #703 [Flying Cloud].
[1910-11-14] Mon 14: Began planking #703 [Flying Cloud].
[1910-12-06] Tue 6: First snow storm of season. #703 [Flying Cloud] planked. ...
[1911-01-27] Fri 27: ... Moved #703 [Flying Cloud] to west end of shop. ...
[1911-04-15] Sat 15: Launched #703 Flying Cloud and #702 Wink. ...
[1911-04-29] Sat 29: Fine & warm. L[igh]t wind. Tried #703 Flying Cloud in p.m. ...
[1911-05-04] Thu 4: Very fine & cold [with] fresh NW [wind]. ... Tried Flying Cloud #703. Had a fine sail. ...
[1911-05-06] Sat 6: Flying Cloud [#703s] left for New Bedford. ...
[1925-08-25] Tue 25: Very fine, fresh breeze [in] p.m. [from] SSW. Mr. & Mrs Draper of Flying Cloud [#703s] dine with us. ...
[1926-04-02] Fri 2: ... Ann & I sail over [in #907s Pleasure] to Miami Beach and lunch on Flying Cloud [#703s] with the Drapers. Back at 5 p.m. ...
[1926-06-04] Fri 4: Fine & cool. NE [wind] Up at 6, just as we were passing Flying Cloud [#703s] which left Miami last Saturday. ...
[1926-08-26] Thu 26: Mr. Draper's Flying Cloud [#703s] here and we called on them in p.m.
[1926-09-07] Tue 7: ... Took a sail in Alerion [#718s], having Mr. Frank Draper [owner of #703s Flying Cloud], in p.m.
[1926-09-22] Wed 22: ... Had Mr. & Mrs. Draper of Flying Cloud [#703s] in for lunch. Started to try F[lying] C[loud']s new rig, but [too] strong [a] wind and gave it up.
[1926-09-23] Thu 23: L[igh]t NE to E [wind], overcast & showers. Tried Flying Cloud [#703s] in a.m. ...
[1929-07-26] Fri 26: ... Mr Bancroft Davis [was] here in Memory [#788s] and Frank Draper in Flying Cloud [#703s]. ...
[1930-07-12] Sat 12: ... Made a call on Flying Cloud [#703s] in p.m. ...
[1934-05-12] Sat 12: ... Mr & Mrs Draper [owners of #703s Flying Cloud] here to dinner and in afternoon took a ride with us to R.W. Park & Nayett[sic, i.e. Nayatt?]. 48.8 mi[les]. ...
[1934-09-29] Sat 29: ... Flying Cloud [#703s] arrived. ..." (Source: Herreshoff, Nathanael G. Diary, 1910 to 1934. Manuscript (excerpts). Diary access courtesy of Halsey C. Herreshoff.)

"Sept[ember] 29, 1910.
No. 703.
Cruising composite sloop.
Frame spaces 18 1/2".
Planking 1 3/4".
Keel 4 7/8".
Siding of Stem & overhangs 6 1/4".
Frames 1/2 length amidships 2 1/2" x 1 1/2", in ends 2 1/8" x 1 5/16".
Sheer height given is to top of deck.
Deck is 1 3/4" thick.
Crown of beam 6 12" in 15'-6"." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. [Penciled note in Offset Booklet HH.4.175.] September 29, 1910. Haffenreffer-Herreshoff Collection, MIT Museum, Cambridge, MA.)

"In 1911, the fine forty-four feet waterline cruising sloop FLYING CLOUD was built for the Grinnell brothers ... In 1915, the small cruising schooner yacht HASWELL [#743s] [was] built, being in hull model a duplicate of [the] sloop FLYING CLOUD." (Source: Herreshoff, N. G. "Some of the Boats I Have Sailed In." Written 1934. In: Pinheiro, Carlton J. (ed.). Recollections and Other Writings by Nathanael G. Herreshoff. Bristol, 1998, p. 71-72.)

"Coconut Grove, Fla. 8051. M[ar]ch 21, 1930.
My dear Mr. Rigg,
In reply to your interesting letter of 17th [March 1930] in which you say you and a friend are considering having the Herreshoff Mfg. Co. build you a duplicate of Haswell [#743s]. For a fast cruiser, I have always considered Flying Cloud (and Haswell which [is] exactly the same except having slightly more over hang) the best design I have made.
I am very sure you will not be disappointed if you build from that design.
I hardly feel about giving advice on the rig for it depends very much on ... For myself I would prefer a yawl, or ketch with mizzen... [Mr. Rigg is believed to be the New York yacht broker T. Linton Rigg who had owned #907s Pleasure for a short time after NGH had parted with her.]" (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. Letter to [T. Linton?] Rigg. March 21, 1930. Offered for sale by Rulon-Miller Books, https://www.rulon.com/pages/books/56429/nathaniel-greene-herreshoff/two-page-autograph-letter-signed-on-personalized-stationary-n-g-herreshoff-bristol-r-i, retrieved December 27, 2020.)

"Dear Mr. Rigg,
In reply to your kind note of 31st [January 1935]. I believe the three boats Flying Cloud [#703s], Haswell [#743s] and Mary Rose [#954s] (all three being alike, except the latter lengthened a little) to be very perfect models to combine good sailing qualities with cruising comfort. All are strongly built and fit for sea-going. Flying Cloud never was in racing hands, and has not the record she deserves. ... Of course you know that in ordinary racing success depends in the ability of the owner and skipper on average at about 3-1, and in ocean racing, the owner, skipper, and crew on average about 4-1 ..." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. Letter to [T. Linton?] Rigg. February 2, 1935. Offered for sale by Rulon-Miller Books, https://www.rulon.com/pages/books/56477/nathaniel-greene-herreshoff/two-page-autograph-letter-signed-on-personalized-stationary-n-g-herreshoff-bristol-r-i, retrieved December 27, 2020.)

"N. G. HERRESHOFF 6 WALLEY STREET BRISTOL, RHODE ISLAND May 12, 1936. {1936/05/12} Dear Francis, ... The cruising schooner 'Haswell' has run up quite a record, and 'Flying Cloud' would have if she had been in hands that raced her. Your affect Father." (Source: Mystic Seaport Museum, L. Francis Herreshoff Collection, Box 17, Folder 12: Letter from N. G. Herreshoff to L. F. Herreshoff.)

"Another yacht built in 1911, the same year as 'Joyant' but of very different model, was 'Flying Cloud,' built for Francis and Lawrence Grinnell. She shows how versatile Captain Nat was, for while most other yachts of that time had long, narrow bows and sterns, 'Flying Cloud' had a very small amount of overhang. However, she was a smart sailer and one of the smallest yachts the Herreshoff Manufacturing Company built of composite construction. She was only fifty-eight feet O.A., and although in 1950 she was thirty-nine years old she is sailing with a leg-o'-mutton rig, and is owned by F. M. Temple of Toledo." (Source: Herreshoff, L. Francis. The Wizard of Bristol. The Life and Achievements of Nathanael Greene Herreshoff, together with An Account of Some of the Yachts he Designed. New York, 1953, p. 282.)

"BRISTOL, R. I., Apr 1 [1911] --- The Plant schooner Elena will be ready for launching at Herreshoff's in about three weeks. ...
In the same shop the Grinnell 48-footer is ready to be put overboard, although the sloop will not be needed by the owners for six weeks yet. ..." (Source: Anon. "Bristol Notes." Boston Globe, April 2, 1911, p. 62.)

"BRISTOL, R. I., April 15 [1911]. --- ... Flying Cloud, a 48-foot waterline sloop, built on a cruising model, but with indications of speed, for Irving and Russell Grinnell of New York, was launched this forenoon at the Herreshoff shops, and will be fitted in a regular class in the New York Yacht Club this season. Flying Cloud, of steel frames' and wooden planking in construction, is able looking, with high bows and free board, and it is expected will make a favorable showing when tuned up. The rig is short, comparatively speaking, and there is plenty of deck room. Her principal dimensions are 65 feet over all, 48 feet on the waterline, 10 feet of beam, and a draught of 9 feet 10 inches. The craft will be rigged by next Wednesday, when she will have a trial under sail. [Later copied verbatim in Forest and Stream, April 22, 1911, p. 625.]" (Source: Anon. "D. G. Whitlock's Sloop Wink Successfully Launched at Bristol." New York Times, April 16, 1911, p. C7.)

"BRISTOL, R I, April 15 [1911] --- The first launching this year of a new yacht at the Herreshoff shops, took place today at high tide, when the sloop cruiser for Irving and Russell Grinnell of the New York yacht club was placed in the water.
It was intended to have the launching Monday, but other matters in building depended on the floating of the Grinnell craft today. It was a launching by the-old greased ways method.
The sloop, which has a 48-foot water line, is named Flying Cloud, and although designated a cruiser by Mr Herreshoff, will be seen in the racing this season and may prove to have more speed than her heavy construction and high free board indicate.
The Flying Cloud is of composite construction, steel frames and wood planking, and will carry a moderate press of sail.
It is not as yet defined what class she will sail in, if she races." (Source: Anon. "Flying Cloud Launched. New Sloop for the Grinnells Put Into the Water at Bristol." Boston Globe, April 16, 1911, p. 15.)

"Two racing crafts were launched from the Herreshoff Boat Shops last week. The Flying Cloud, a cruising and racing sloop, built for the Grinnell Bros, of New Bedford, was launched at high tide Friday [April 14, 1911] morning soon after 9 o'olock. There was no ceremony and few pleople knew of the launching. The boat has a 40-foot water line. ..." (Source: Anon. "Two Boats Launched." Bristol Phoenix, April 18, 1911, p. 1.)

"[Abstract of register or enrollment. Pos. 340:]
Flying Cloud, sloop yacht, of Bristol.
Built at Bristol, 1911.
23 tons; 50 ft. x 14 ft. x 9.6 ft. [Register length x breadth x depth.]
One deck, one mast, overhanging head [bow].
Enr[olled] and Lic[ensed] ([as] yacht) Apr. 27, 1911. Owner: Herreshoff Manufacturing Company of Bristol. Master: N. G. Herreshoff, Bristol.
Surrendered [license] June 29, 3914 at New Bedford. ([Record at:] C[ustom] H[ouse, Providence])." (Source: Survey of Federal Archives, Work Projects Administration. Ships Documents of Rhode Island. Bristol. Ship Registers and Enrollments of the Port of Bristol - Warren Rhode Island, 1941, s.v. Flying Cloud.)

"BRISTOL, R I. Sept 9 [1911] --- ... The sloop Flying Cloud, which was built here last winter, is the first boat to be hauled out for the season at Herreshoffs. She was stripped of her rigging and sails Wednesday." (Source: Anon. "Bristol Notes." Boston Globe, September 10, 1911, p. 53.)

"No 687 --- Choice Herreshoff Sloop. 58 ft. x 44 ft. x 13ft. 6 in. x 8 ft. Flush decks. New sails; launch and dinghy. Two staterooms. A real seaboat. For further details, see G. W. Ford Yacht Agency, 41 East 42nd Street, New York City. [With photo. Though not identified by name, her dimensions identify her as #703s Flying Cloud. An identical advertisement appeared in Rudder November 1921, p. 60.]" (Source: Anon. [Classified Ad.] Yachting, November 11, 1921, p. 251.)

"... The-Herreshoff 44-foot waterline cutter Flying Cloud, which has been replaced by the Hand designed fishermen type schooner Flying Cloud, has been sold by Lawrence Grinell to Frank B. Draper of New York. ..." (Source: Anon. "Notes from the Week's Log." Boston Globe, July 9, 1922, p. 57.)

"On board Flying Cloud
Nassau Harbor
New Providence Is.
Bahamas
Nov. 15th, 1925
Dear Mr. Herreshoff:
Well here we are right side up and all o.k. We left Ambrose L.V. at 7.37 p.m., Oct 26 and crossed the Nassau bar at 11.15 a.m, Nov. 4th. We were hove to 11 1/2 hours and had a flat calm for 12 hrs. I am enclosing a sheet made up from my deck log that tells the whole story. The best speed was 11 kts for a short time. [Discussion of sails carried.]
I don't believe you know how good the Flying Cloud is in a bid bad sea. Hove to or running, she just fools every sea that tries to come on board. That short steep stern cuts the seas & lets them go under her. Her bow is buoyant and enough to get on top of everything but spray. Spray and some slop at times was all the water we had on board. They didn't believe us here, that she came from New York in 8 days and 15 hours less one day of calm & hove to.
And we had comfort. No one had trouble sleeping in their berths on either tack and the ship mate stove was going all the time until we got into the warm weather and after that whenever we wanted it. [Followed by discussion of rig, location, invitation to come and stay in Flying Cloud's aft state room, took motor out of dinghy and replaced with Johnson outboard. Incl. pencilled table titled 'Flying Cloud New York to Nassau' listing dates, times, miles, and speed.]" (Source: Draper, Frank B. [Letter to N. G. Herreshoff.] Herreshoff Marine Museum Correspondence, Folder 19 (new). Access courtesy of Halsey C. Herreshoff. November 15, 1925.)


"... Here is the Flying Cloud, a 60-foot cutter that has been sailing the seas for thirty-five years. It was designed by a famous marine architect, Nathaniel Herreshoff, and is owned by Donald Sherwood, of Baltimore. ..." (Source: White, Roxana. "Annapolis' Silent Fleet Of Winter." Baltimore Sun, January 15, 1939, p. SM1.)

"[For Sale.] 59 ft. by 44 ft. by 14 ft. beam by 8 ft draft. Herreshoff built flush deck, keel auxiliary sloop. Marconi rig. Chrysler engine with reduction gear. Inspection near New York. See G. W Ford Agency." (Source: Anon. [For Sale.] Rudder, December 1947, p. 87.)

"FOR SALE. Herreshoff flush deck keel auxiliary sloop. 58'6" x 44' x 14' x 8'. Considerable rebuilding recently done. One of the ablest boats of her size. See G. W Ford Agency for additional data." (Source: Anon. [For Sale.] Rudder, December 1948, p. 99.)

"... Fred Temple, of Toledo, ..., has undertaken the project of restoring the 38-year-old Herreshoff cutter Flying Cloud to the racing circuit. She has been laid up at City Island ever since a rebuilding job was done on her hull in 1947 and now Fred has her out in Toledo to refit her below decks and give her a modern rig. ..." (Source: Morris, Everett B. "With The Windjammers." Motor Boating, July 1949, p. 66.)

"The missing yacht 'Flying Cloud' was found safely anchored off Fort Pierce Sunday, the U.S. Coast Guard reported.
The 58-foot sailboat, captained by Atty. Charles Beall, had been overdue in Grand Bahamas since Saturday night. Beall is the son of former City Atty. Egbert Beall, who owns the boat.
The older Beall said his son had invited a group of friends for a weekend outing to the Grand Bahamas and left here about midnight Friday. When the boat did not arrive on schedule, the Coast Guard started a search, finally locating the craft off Fort Pierce yesterday morning.
Egbert Beall said last night the 'Flying Cloud' did not go to West End due to failure of its auxiliary engine. The winds were blowing directly from the Island and without power it would have been difficult to get there, Beall said. ..." (Source: Anon. "Missing Craft Found Anchored Off Ft. Pierce." The Palm Beach Post, May 8, 1961, p. 1-2.)

"... Larry Grinnell's father had inherited an appreciation of good boats. He first owned [and continued to own with his brother after Flying Cloud had been built] the Herreshoff 40-footer Bambino [#616s], and then in 1919 [sic, i.e 1910] had Captain Nat design and build for him the bigger cutter Flying Cloud [#703s]. Of first-class composite construction, she was a fine, able boat, and stylish as well. None of her dimensions was extreme or exaggerated to fit an artificial rule. Overall she was 58 feet 6 inches, with a waterline length of 44 feet. For this length she had a moderate beam of 14 feet and a draft of 8 feet. Surely she was one of Herreshoff's finest designs; so it puzzled me that in 1920 Mr. Grinnell sold her to Mr. Frank Draper, a charter member of the Cruising Club and spokesman for the CCA faction that believed 'Cruising,' not 'Racing,' to be the primary object of the Club. To compound my confusion, Mr. Draper campaigned his new purchase in the 1923 Bermuda Race. ..." (Source: Howland, Waldo. A Life in Boats. The Years Before the War. Mystic, Connecticut, 1984, p. 63.)

"N/A"

"N/A"

"[Item Description:] Penciled sailplan titled 'Cruiser design. 57 1/2ft o.a. 43ft w.l. 13 1/2ft beam. [?] Draft'. Marked 'Preliminary drawing for #703 [FLYING CLOUD]'. With calculations arriving at a rating of 37.8[?] and a sail area of 1596sqft." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Penciled Sailplan. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Acc. 2004.0001.0447. WRDT08, Folder 36, formerly MRDE09. 1910-08-07.)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled pantograph sections with pinpricks titled 'Sections of 43ft Cruiser design for F. L. Grinnell [#703s FLYING CLOUD]. Sept[ember] [19]10'. With list of scantlings. On verso more penciled half-sections with pinpricks." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Pantograph Hull Sections. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Acc. 2004.0001.0394. WRDT04, Folder 34, formerly MRDE08. 1910-09.)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled pantograph hull sections titled 'FLYING CLOUD No 703 [#703s]. From finished model. Oct. 3rd 1910. scale 1/2in. Q.b.l. - 37ft 2 3/4in. With calculations showing total displacement of 58050lbs and wetted surface of 650dqft." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Pantograph Hull Sections. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE04_01160. Folder [no #]. 1910-10-03.)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled pantograph lead sections titled 'No. 703 [#703s FLYING CLOUD]. Corrected Oct[ober] 23 [1910'. With calculations and crossed out note 'Required 25860lbs of lead with c.g. [at] .592 of l.w.l. ...'. With corrected calculations and note 'Required 26660lbs of lead with c.g. [at] .593 of l.w.l. ...'. and concluding with calculations and note 'Result. ... 26750lbs lead at 20.9 frame space'." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Pantograph Lead Sections. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE04_08330. Folder [no #]. 1910-10-07.)
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"[Item Description:] penciled table titled 'L1 by formula ...' and listing data for #706s ELENA, #657s IROLITA [ex-QUEEN], #698s VAGRANT I, #532s RAINBOW, #663s ISTALENA, #666s AVENGER, #685s ADVENTURESS, #703s FLYING CLOUD, #709s JOYANT and #708s CORINTHIAN, #687s CARA-MIA [ex-NAULAKHA] and NY30s" (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Table. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_67730. Measuring and Measurement Rules (Box 1), Folder B1F01, formerly MRDE15. No date (1911 to 1915).)
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"[Item Transcription:] Handwritten (mostly in pencil but also in ink) trials booklet titled '1898 - 1909'. Relevant contents:
§59: #191003ep [POWER TENDER FOR #703s FLYING CLOUD] Trial Run standing pull 150lbs, mean speed 8.36mph (1911-04 ?)." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Trials Booklet. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE09_00060. Folder [no #]. 1898-09 to 1911-04.)
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"[Item Transcription:] Order book with carbon copy duplicates of instructions given by NGH. Relevant contents:
§28: Work Order [For] #703s. [When wanted] Early spring. Rigging [5 pages] (1910-10-21 & 1910-10-23)." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Order Book. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE08_04730. Folder [no #]. 1909-10 to 1914-11.)
① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⑩ ⑪ ⑫ ⑬ ⑭ ⑮ ⑯ ⑰ ⑱ ⑲ ⑳ ㉑ ㉒ ㉓ ㉔ ㉕ ㉖ ㉗ ㉘ ㉙ ㉚ ㉛ ㉜ ㉝ ㉞ ㉟ ㊱ ㊲ ㊳ ㊴ ㊵ ㊶ ㊷ ㊸ ㊹ ㊺ ㊻ ㊼ ㊽ ㊾ ㊿
① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⑩ ⑪ ⑫ ⑬ ⑭ ⑮ ⑯ ⑰ ⑱ ⑲ ⑳ ㉑ ㉒ ㉓ ㉔ ㉕ ㉖ ㉗ ㉘ ㉙ ㉚ ㉛ ㉜ ㉝ ㉞ ㉟ ㊱ ㊲ ㊳ ㊴ ㊵ ㊶

"[Item Description:] Handwritten (in ink) rating rule-related table on two pages with dimensions LOA, LWL, overhang fore & aft, mean length, freeboard fore & center & aft, breadth deck & w.l., draft, cube-root (displacement), 1st mast mean length, 1st to 2nd mast, J, P1, H1, B1, G1, V1, T1, P2, P2a, H2, B2, Q2, Y2,T2, sail area, sqrt(SA), sqrt(SA - NYYC Rule) for #605s RELIANCE, #499s COLUMBIA, #725s RESOLUTE, #529s MINEOLA, #663s ISTALENA, #666s AVENGER, New York 50s (#711s, #712s, #713s, #714s, #715s, #716s, #717s, #720s, #721s), #411s GLORIANA, #685s ADVENTURESS, #617s COCK ROBIN II, #586s NELLIE, #709s JOYANT, #708s CORINTHIAN, #670s SENECA, Bar Harbor 31s (#592s, #593s, #594s, #595s, #596s, #597s, #598s, #599s, #600s, #601s, #602s, #603s, #604s), New York 30s (#626s, #627s, #628s, #629s, #630s, #631s, #632s, #633s, #635s, #636s, #637s, #638s, #639s, #640s, #642s, #643s, #647s, #648s), Newport 29s (#727s, #728s, #737s), #691s MORE JOY, #446s ALERION II, Buzzards Bay 550s (#733s, #734s, #736s, #738s, #741s), #617s COCK ROBIN II, #493s JILT, #732s SADIE, #460s KILDEE, Buzzards Bay 15s (#503s Class), Buzzards Bay 12 1/2s (#744s Class), #703s FLYING CLOUD, #669s ELEANOR, #722s KATOURA, #692s WESTWARD, #657s QUEEN, #719s VAGRANT II, #698s VAGRANT, #663s ISTALENA, and #743s HASWELL. With penciled note 'Measurements in ft & inches. Results in ft & decimals'. Undated (the youngest boat on this list is from 1914/1915 and this was probably prepared in preparation for NGH's sail area rating rule of 1914/1915)." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Handwritten Table. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE15_00100. Folder [no #]. No date (1914 / 1915 ?).)
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"[Item Transcription:] Dear Mr. Morgan.
Please excuse my negligence in not acknowledging your kind letter of [September] 10th [1925]. I will be glad to advise about changes of launch [#282p CORSAIR] until I leave for the south and I shall in a few days begin the design for an R boat [#932s GAMECOCK] for you.
In relation to certain changes in Racing rules appertaining[?] to Measurements principally which I have to suggest I donot want to be considered as one making unnecessary trouble for the yacht owners or do it for any personal advantage. it is only to correct defects and get the Rules in best possible form, and have them so they will not produjest[?] the most desirable type of yacht.
To my mind such results can only be got at thru experimentation and to that end rules must necessarily be changed from time to time, so that manifest[?] improvements in type of yachts will at least be merited.
The general formula for obtaining rating I donot think can be improved, but I do think it unfortunate that the coefficient .18 had not been made .2 in the first place so the rating would be nearer to L in a normal boat. But a change now would not be desirable as the classification would have to be changed to kick yachts in their respective classes.
The present method of obtaining L I think very faulty and should be improved. The relation of Q.B. length to l.w.l. should not be dictated, but each should be taken at its value to produce the best type of yacht. There is no reason why q.b.l. should bear[?] a relation of 100% - sq-rt(lwl) and it is quite wrong to allow sharper water lines in large yachts than small ones. If a fixed relation between lwl and q.b.l. was desirable it would be better to have it the same in all sizes but it is not desirable.
Seeing the tendency to make the overhangs very flat in order to gain more useful length for racing that is not measured, I propose to take another length measurement in the same plane that Q.B.L. is taken in and then combine it with lwl and qbl to obtain L. I suggest that the plane from which all calculations are made be called 'Established waterline plane' instead of Load waterline plane, and the length taken in this plane be called 'Established waterline' (E.W.L.). The new measurement taken in plane 1/10 of breadth above be called Load waterline (L.w.l.).
Also. Change the name 'Quarter beam length' to 'Quarter breadth length' (Q.B.L.) as the time honored Breadth of Beam is the breadth at height of main beam and not at waterline.
The formula for obtaining L I propose shall be L = (LWL + EWL + 2*QBL) / 4.
In this formula I consider the three length measurements are taken at their relative values for racing and preventing the ends from becoming too flat for comfortable motion in a seaway. After experiments use it is still found bows are made too flat for easy motion in sea, the formula might be changed to L = (LWL + EWL + 3*QBL) / 5.
This of course does away with the formula 'Percentage + 100 - sq-rt(l.w.l.)'.
Limits and Penalties.
Draft of water is not used as a factor in measurement. The only object in having a limitation is for convenience in docking and navigation, both for easy motion at sea and ability to navigate in waters of restricted depth. The present limitation rule is simple, but does not fill the requirements properly. It allows an unnecessary amount of draft in small boats and not enough in yachts of intermediate classes.
As examples the 75 foot w.l. yachts SHAMROCK VANITIE and RESOLUTE [#725s] all had centreboards beside a full allowance of draft. ELENA [#706s] schooner had centreboard beside full allowance of draft.
To improve this limitation I suggest a modification of the rule as follows:-
When L is 16ft or under draft limit .25L
When L is between 16ft & 36 draft limit .22*(L=2.18)
[etc, etc]
In centreboard yachts draft when centreboard is up not to exceed .125L.
Penalty to overdraft to be as now ( 3 times excess added to Rating).
I am opposed to the limit put[?] and[?] displacement in divisor of Rating measurement formula.
I know it was advised and adopted without due amount of trial of the formula as it originally stood. It came about when to[?] P class yacht JOYANT [#709s] had made a very successful season at racing in command of Addison Hanan. Hanan was a very clever helmsman and had been winning out in other boats. After JOYANT's initial season under HANAN she never showed more than average speed but has always been considered a desirable type of yacht, excepting that she had excessive overhang and that might fairly have been attacked instead of displacement. Her cube-rt(D) / lwl = .23. VAGRANT [#719s] and class cube-rt(D) / lwl = .217. QUEEN MAB [ex #698s VAGRANT I] .2185.
FLYING CLOUD [#703s] and HASWELL [#743s] .22.
All I consider the most satisfactory yachts fit for deep sea cruising and at the same time fast enough to give good sport in racing.
Another consideration is Yachts built to Lloyd's Rules are so heavy in hull construction that it is quite necessary to have cube-rt(D) / L more than 20% * lwl + .5 in order to carry sufficient amount of ballast.
I hope to see this limitation expurgated from the rules.
The restriction of position of mainmast in (two-masted) schooners to aft of 53% of water line length has no justification and is a devv[?] strict against improvement[?].
My experience indicates that the best possible position for the mainmast is a little forward of what the rule allows. Can any one give a good reason why the position of the mainmast should be restricted? Often the layout of cabin or of deck beams & framing would ask for a position against the ruling. I think it difficult to make any just ruling for placing the mast and it better be left free for future developments. A tentative ruling might be that the centre of mast be not forward of centre of displacement and when in that position the schooners rating to be 95% of that of a sloop rig. If the mast is farther aft each % of w.l. length shall be deducted from 95% rating. That would make the rating with mast in present restricted position about 92% of sloops rating.
The height limit of jib-headed or leg-o-mutton mainsail I should make universal for for[?] any rig and make the upper point of measurement for any sail (including club topsails) from the deck as follows:
Single masted yachts not over 1.8*sq-rt(S)
Two masted yachts not over 1.5*sq-rt(S)
Triple masted yachts not over 1.4*sq-rt(S)
Having a plus constant in the present rule is quite a mistake, as any one can see. [Undated. Reference to 'letter of 10th' shows this to be a response to Junius Morgan's September 10, 1925 letter to NGH and thus would suggest that NGH wrote this about September 15, 1925.]" (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. Letter to Morgan, Junius S. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_31080. Subject Files, Folder 30, formerly 10-15. 1925-09-(ca15 ?).)
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"[Item Transcription:] On board FLYING CLOUD [#703s]
Nassau Harbor
New Providence Is.
Bahamas
...
Well here we are right side up and all o.k. We left Ambrose L.V. at 7.37 p.m., Oct 26 and crossed the Nassau bar at 11.15 a.m, Nov. 4th. We were hove to 11 1/2 hours and had a flat calm for 12 hrs. I am enclosing a sheet made up from my deck log that tells the whole story. The best speed was 11 kts for a short time. [Discussion of sails carried.]
I don't believe you know how good the FLYING CLOUD is in a big bad sea. Hove to or running, she just fools every sea that tries to come on board. That short steep stern cuts the seas & lets them go under her. Her bow is buoyant and enough to get on top of everything but spray. Spray and some slop at times was all the water we had on board. They didn't believe us here, that she came from New York in 8 days and 15 hours less one day of calm & hove to.
And we had comfort. No one had trouble sleeping in their berths on either tack and the ship mate stove was going all the time until we got into the warm weather and after that whenever we wanted it. [Followed by discussion of rig, location, invitation to come and stay in FLYING CLOUD's aft state room, took motor out of dinghy and replaced with Johnson outboard]. Incl. penciled table titled 'FLYING CLOUD New York to Nassau' listing dates, times, miles, and speed. Incl. envelope." (Source: Draper, Frank B. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_28890. Subject Files, Folder 19. 1925-11-15.)
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"[Item Transcription:] [Typewritten signed letter:] FLYING CLOUD [#703s] made the passage from Miami Sea buoy to Sandy Hook Light abeam, in seven days and three hours.
four days of this time she was on the wind and for ten hours hardly had steerage way.
The best twenty four hours , believe it or not was 271 miles. This distance was between observed positions, star fix, except forty eight miles measured by log. Of course she had the Gulf Stream under her but her speed through the water averaged 10 knots. Most of the time we carried topsail and jib topsail. We had a leading breeze.
I am more than ever convinced that I want to get rid of Flying Cloud's Gaff. My guess is she will want about ten feet more mast. Will this compel a change in the position of the spreaders? If so that means new shrouds to hounds and mast head. And will the head stays be raised?
Will you be so good as to send me a pencil sketch and let me know how much rigging has got to be re placed?
I fear I am letting myself in for too much expense.
We left Miami, May 29, as [sic] 11.16 A.M. your Steamer left the morning of June, 2, and passed us some where a bit south of Hatteras, but at that time we were about a hundred miles off the beach.
Of course I am coming to Bristol, as usual, and | hope then to have a contemplated changes made in the FLYING CLOUD's sail plan.
Looking forward to seeing you soon, with kindest regards to yourself and Mrs. Herreshoff, " (Source: Draper, Frank B. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_28870. Subject Files, Folder 19. 1926-06-09.)
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"[Item Transcription:] Just a few lines in acknowled[gin]g receipt[?] of your log of the voyage up and the sighting FLYING CLOUD [#703s]. I wished them good luck but of course was not anxious to have them beat my record in MICCO. We have one of the largest suction dredges on one side of us and a whopper of a dragline shovel on the other. The latter only runs days but is noisy & uses dynamite and is digging the boat basins that the depper[?] failed to so that the harbor in nearly in sight. The suction machine is an internal combustion affair that runs smoothly with moderate & regular noise and very little smoke so we are lucky this far. She came in via Dinner Key drawing 5ft & has dug her way thru solid rock towards the Kloeber[?] Helen fills and proposes to reach Swetlands by giving us a free of cost channel on our grounds[?] rather than did in from Mathesons outer channel stake. Hope you both escaped colds on your arrival in N.Y.
We have had considerable rains and some strong squalls of wind. The railway continues to work satisfactory as we add little things each time we haul. A few mosquitoes the week you left but hardly one since & cool." (Source: Munroe, R.M. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_40950. Correspondence, Folder 85, formerly 102. 1926-06-11.)
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"[Item Transcription:] So glad to hear that you are surviving the rigors of the changeable Northern Summer and that ropes do occasionally part even under your direction, makes me feel easier. Barrows reported that PLEASURE [#907s] was bone dry as late as two days ago. All these dredges plugging away night and day but rock is slow working and the Helen fill is not yet half completed. The easterly boat basin at Camp is dredged but retaining wall not started. The next big job is the S.W. end. Expect I will have to move MELODY & SUNSET outside of Wabun in order to be safe from the dredge operations, won't do it til last minute as they will ground at half tide.
Am afraid the new channel will be of little use to us as it will go through a trifle this side of Wabun and probably not out by Mathesons stake unless the Swetlands pay them extra. This will very possibly be done. The sailing club floating house given by Matheson has arrived and Barrows & I spent part of Sat & nearly all of yesterday making pattern for corner[?] clevis[?] of wrought iron to moor here by out at the starting race stake. Hugh M[atheson] blasted a hole for it yesterday. The scow is about 16ft x 69ft, two story house on it, all new but not a think to make fast to. Going to moor her by one course so as to have all of starboard side and stern to hitch the boats [BISCAYNE BAY 14 footers] to and be on the lee side. FLYING CLOUD [#703s] made a very creditable trip. Must figure out MICCO's run from 30 miles east of Cape Henry to Absecum Light abreast 8 a.m. Wind S.W. Then[?] with[?] N.W. Barnegat at noon & Sandy Hook [at] 6.30 p.m, wind N.N.W., gale. 6 days 12 hrs must have reeled off miles somewhere for only 15 miles made use[?] 24 hrs just North of Hatteras.
Regards to all ... Have difficulty in making iron rope run evenly on drum, will it help to have drum spirally grooved to fit rope?" (Source: Munroe, R.M. Letter to N.G. Herreshoff. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_40970. Correspondence, Folder 85, formerly 102. 1926-06-21.)
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"[Item Transcription:] I am interested in looking over the proposed rating formula by our English cousins, and since you have asked for criticisms on it I will express my views, as it is a subject that has interested me for many years.
For cruising yachts, and in fact for yachts generally, I approve of taking the racing length on the overhanging ends above the l.w.l. and a single measurement is quite good enough provided it is taken at the proper height above the l.w.l. The height above proposed by the ORC I don't approve and I am quite sure would develop plumb stem yachts and would w[ou]ld be a back step of over 1/3 century, giving unbalanced looking yachts, not easy motioned or su[?] fast in a seaway. Overhanging ends, of the right form, do prevent violent pitching or hobby-horsing to a great extent, beside giving easier sailing lines, and consequently a faster and more beautiful form. Please don't infer I favor long overhangs, for they are not only unsightly, but weaken the structure and are really dangerous in a bad sea, and they should be ruled against. A happy medium is between 120 and 140% of l.w.l. for deck lengths with overhangs about equal at each end, and profiles to be without any hollows.
Now turning to proper height to measure sailing length, that should be at the height the crest of the bow & stern wave rise on the overhands[?] when at maximum speed or a speed when the fore & aft trim has not changed appreciably. [Sketch showing a hull with wake at speed.] Obviously a boat of large stability and sailspeed will generate a deeper wave than one of same length and less powerful. [Next sentence apparently crossed out and difficult to read.] The amplitude can be easiest approximated by taking the 5th[?] root of breadth x displacement divided by cube-rt(lwl) and this simplified by a constant of tentative value of .14, .12 * ((B * D) / sq-rt[?](LWL)[?] which will give the height at which to measure sailing length.
For example, taking say FLYING CLOUD [#703s], the original design dimentions[sic] o.a. 58.5, lwl 44, breadth at w.l. 12.9, freeboard, stemhead 5.8, ox 3.9, astern[?] 4.2, Disp. 906 cuft, sail area (no record).
The mean^2 depth is approximated by dividing[?] D by (L*B)^.75 + 2.13 = 1.46^2.
12.9 * 1.46 = 18.9. Taking a tentative value of constant (C) as .166 we have 1.13 as height above LWL in which to measure sailing length which equals 48ft very nearly.
The square root of B*D in the proposed formula is a very poor cubic tate[?] for displacement as used in the Universal Rule formula. The proposed D might vary a good deal in vessels of same form and different placing of keel and in a metal hull w[ou]ld be very different since fully one half of cruising yachts that go into racing have been measured given[?] governed by a yachts stability of ability to carry sail and this can be approximated by multiplying square of breadth by immersed depth at 1/4 beam and the cube root multiplied by a constant to be determined (probably about 1/10) to be the distance above l.w.l. to a parallel line for measuring sailing length. [Undated, but a response to M.S. Kattenhorn letter dated December 29, 1931 and thus thought to be written shortly after that date.]" (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. Letter to Kattenhorn, Martin S. (CCA). Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_56510. Subject Files, Folder 70, formerly 158. No date (after 1931-12-29).)
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"[Item Description:] Handwritten (in pencil and ink) table titled 'Examples in Formulating Measurement Rule, Sept 1933' and providing data for LOA, LWL, Length quarter beam plane, Q.B.L., Mean beam, Draft, Freeboard, Displacement, Sail Ara, Rating by Universal Rule, Corrected length, Sailing Length, Power Number Pn, Draft Limits for Racing and Cruising Yachts and others for a #722s KATOURA, #692s WESTWARD, #719s VAGRANT, #698s QUEEN MAB ex-VAGRANT I, #499s COLUMBIA, #725s RESOLUTE, New York 50 Class, #703s FLYING CLOUD, New York 30 Class, #461s COCK ROBIN, #732s SADIE, and Buzzards Bay 15 Class. Undated (part of NGH's Power number (Pn) measurement rule from September 1933)." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Table. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MR_74060. Measuring and Measurement Rules (Box 2), Folder B2F09, formerly MRDE15. No date (ca1933-09).)
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"[Item Transcription:] [Penciled note:] ATHENE #520. Cruising sl[oop] [for] Wm. O. Gay. O.a. 101ft, w.l. 70ft, draft 9ft 10in, B 19ft 3 1/2in. Freeboard [symbol] section 79[square]. Outside lead 83932lbs. Inside (?). Ballast increased in 1900 to give nearly 71ft w.l. In 1903 sail area measurement 6970sqft.
HASWELL # (?) [#743s]. Is a duplicate of FLYING CLOUD #703 except length o.a. increased a little, an sch[ooner] rig instead cutter. Built for Mr. Tiffany of N[ew] B[edford].
#703 dimensions o.a. 58ft 6in, w.l. 44ft, draft 7ft 4in, B 14ft 0 1/2in. Freeboard 5ft 9 1/2in - 3ft 11in - 4ft 2 1/2in. Displ. 906 cuft = 26 tons gross. Sail area 2200sqft. Outside lead 27381lbs, inside (?). On verso some calculations and a midship section sketch. [Undated. This note was certainly written in preparing the letter response to H.B. Warren of October 21, 1935.]" (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Penciled Note. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDED1_00130. Folder [no #]. No date (1935-11 ?).)
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"[Item Description:] Penciled table showing LOA, LWL, Beam, Draft, QBL, Stem, [symbol], sft[?] and Displ[acement] for KATOURA [#722s], WESTWARD [#692s], VAGRANT, QUEEN MAB [#698s], CONSTITUTION [#551s], RESOLUTE [#725s], WINSOME [#664s], 2nd IROLITA [#658s], DORIS [#625s], AVENGER [#666s], 50 Footers [#711s], ADVENTURESS [#685s], IROLITA [#591s], FLYING CLOUD [#703s], BELISARIUS [#1266s], NEITH [#665s], AZOR [#578s], NAULAKHA [#687s], SENECA [#670s], NY30s [#626s], SENTA [#688s], DOROTHY Q [#668s], FLIGHT [#607s], PLEASURE [#907s], QUAKERESS [#676s], KILDEE [#460s], and the 12 1/2ft Class [#744s]. With formulas for mean length L, Draft limit by rule and freeboard at three positions. Undated, on verso of NYYC invitation dated December 11, 1933 but listing of BELISARIUS which was built in 1934/1935 indicates that this was written at that time or later. Filed close to and possibly related to what appears to be an early version of NGH's 'Observations on the Proportions of Sailing Yachts' from July 1936." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G. (creator). Tabulated Dimensions. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum Item MRDE02_03040. Folder [no #]. No date (1936-07 ?).)
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"[Item Description:] Brokerage listing (File No. 451) for #703s FLYING CLOUD. Dimensions, particulars (Rig: Cutter, Location: Annapolis, MD, Price: 12500). With description 'Composite construction. Fast cruiser and ocean racer. Handled properly she should do extremely well and be a dangerous threat to newer boats in the Bermuda Race. She is particularly fast to windward and a very dry boat in a sea. Hull extremely sound and fastenings have been carefully inspected. She has a Herreshoff folding propeller. Her new equipment includes a Kenyon speedometer, new upholstery and mattresses in main salon and port stateroom. She was not in commission during season of 1935 and first half of 1936.'. With photo. Undated, a penciled note in the upper right corner suggests 'Nov 1937' (although this may also be a reference to the date she was sold)." (Source: Belknap & Paine, Yacht Brokers (creator). Broker Listing. MIT Museum, Hart Nautical Collections, Haffenreffer-Herreshoff Collection Item HH.6.111. Box HAFH.6.3B, Folder Brokers Listings. No date (1937-11 ?).)
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Note: This list of archival documents contains in an unedited form any and all which mention #703s Flying Cloud even if just in a cursory way. Permission to digitize, transcribe and display is gratefully acknowledged.

• Flying Cloud (HMCo-made index card)
• Flying Cloud (MIT Museum-made index card)
• Note: The vessel index cards comprise two sets of a total of some 3200 cards about vessels built by HMCo, with dimensions and information regarding drawings, later or former vessel names, and owners. They were compiled from HMCo's early days until 1920 and added to in later decades, apparently by Hart Nautical curator William A. Baker and his successors. While HMCo seems to have used only one set of index cards, all sorted by name and, where no name was available, by number, later users at MIT apparently divided them into two sets of cards, one sorted by vessel name, the other by vessel number and greatly expanded the number of cards. Original HMCo cards are usually lined and almost always punched with a hole at bottom center while later cards usually have no hole, are unlined, and often carry substantially less information. All cards are held by the Francis Russell Hart Nautical Collections of the MIT Museum in Cambridge, Mass.

Name: Flying Cloud
Type: Cutter
Length: 44'
Owner: Grinnell, Frederick

Source: Herreshoff Manufacturing Company. "A Partial List of Herreshoff Clients." In: Herreshoff Manufacturing Company. Herreshoff Yachts. Bristol, Rhode Island, ca. 1931.

• Flying Cloud
• Note: The L. Francis Herreshoff index cards comprise a set of some 1200 cards about vessels built by HMCo, with dimensions and / or ownership information. Apparently compiled in the early 1930s, for later HMCo-built boats like the Fishers Island 23s or the Northeast Harbor 30s are not included. Added to in later decades, apparently by L. F. Herreshoff as well as his long-time secretary Muriel Vaughn and others. Also 46 cards of L. F. Herreshoff-designed vessels. The original set of index cards is held by the Herreshoff Marine Museum and permission to display is gratefully acknowledged.

Name: Flying Cloud
Type: 44' cutter
Owner: F. B. & L. Grinnell
Year: 1911
Row No.: 236

Source: Herreshoff, L. Francis. "Partial List of Herreshoff-Built Boats." In: Herreshoff, L. Francis. Capt. Nat Herreshoff. The Wizard of Bristol. New York, 1953, p. 325-343.

Month: Sep
Day: 24
Year: 1910
E/P/S: S
No.: 0703
Name: Flying Cloud
LW: 44'
B: 14' 1"
D: 8' 1"
Rig: Cutter
K: y
Ballast: Lead O.
Amount: 13500.00
Notes Constr. Record: Pierrepont Johnson sold to Donald H. Sherwood of Balt. Md. about Jan. 1, 1937.
Last Name: Grinnell.
First Name: F.

Source: Vermilya, Peter and Maynard Bray. "Transcription of the HMCo. Construction Record." Unpublished database, ca. 2000.

Note: The transcription of the HMCo Construction Record by Peter Vermilya and Maynard Bray was performed independently (and earlier) than that by Claas van der Linde. A comparison of the two transcriptions can be particularly useful in those many cases where the handwriting in the Construction Record is difficult to decipher.

"Flying Cloud was owned from 1927 [sic, i.e. 1920] to 1930 by Frank B. Draper, City Island, from 1931 to 1936 by Pierrepont E. Johnson, N. E. Harbor, and was sold in 1937 to Donald H. Sherwood of Baltimore, Maryland." (Source: van der Linde, Claas. Info based on note on photo envelope in Herreshoff Marine Museum files. December 27, 2008.)

"... Flying Cloud, also now known to have been destroyed (1970): http://www.herreshoffregistry.org/gallery/703/ ..." (Source: Bibber, Teeter (Herreshoff Registry). Email to Claas van der Linde, February 1, 2017.)

"Flying Cloud was named after the famously fast California clipper ship Flying Cloud that had been built in 1859 by Donal McKay of East Boston for the Grinnel family-held Grinnell Minturn company." (Source: van der Linde, Claas, January 22, 2018.)

"[Was loaned by her owner to the U.S. Coast guard and performed submarine search duty as a Coast Guard Coastal Picket Patrol in 1942 with the registration number CGR-2009.]" (Source: Wilbur, John. Private Email Communication with Evelyn Ansel, Curator Herreshoff Marine Museum, January 2022.)

"Built in 203 days (contract to launch; equivalent to $67/day, 286 lbs displacement/day)." (Source: van der Linde, Claas. January 16, 2024.)

"Sail area 2106 sqft from untitled two-page rating-rule-related table handwritten (in ink) by N. G. Herreshoff with multiple dimensions for the most important Herreshoff-designed yachts. Halsey C. Herreshoff Collection at the Herreshoff Marine Museum. MRDE15, Folder [no #]. Undated (the most recent boat dates 1914/1915 and the table was probably prepared in preparation for NGH's sail area rating rule of 1914/1915)." (Source: van der Linde, Claas. September 16, 2020.)

"Displacement 906.5 cu.ft. on 44ft-0in W.L." (Source: Herreshoff, N.G.? Penciled note on construction plan 076-100 (HH.5.05554). Haffenreffer-Herreshoff Collection, MIT Museum, Cambridge, MA.)

"Displacement 906 cu. ft. [=57,984 lbs] from Herreshoff, N. G. [Letter draft to M. S. Kattenhorn.] Herreshoff Marine Museum Correspondence, Folder 70 (new), 158 (old). Access courtesy of Halsey C. Herreshoff. Undated, ca. December 31, 1931." (Source: van der Linde, Claas. April 15, 2017.)

"Final disposition info from the Herreshoff Registry, http://www.herreshoffregistry.org/gallery/703/." (Source: van der Linde, Claas. February 1, 2017.)

Note: Research notes contain information about a vessel that is often random and unedited but has been deemed useful for future research.